Exogenous Probiotics on Biofloc based Aquaculture: A Review

Abstract

The successful entrepreneurship of aqua farming relies on the production of aquatic animals in the cost effective, social and environmental friendly approach. Nevertheless, presently fish farming is suffering from various problems related to these. Biofloc technology and/or application of probiotics provide promising results to aquaculture in terms of improvement in the growth and survival of aquatic animals, along with other benefits such as maintaining water quality without causing pollution to the environment. Biofloc is mainly comprised of various beneficial microbial communities, but the action of some probiotics it contains is unknown. On the other hand, probiotics are single, known live microbial strains and their actions to the animals are well established. Therefore, probiotics are recognized for having the most important constituents in the aquaculture. Although biofloc method and probiotics applications are promised to have positive roles aforementioned, the fish welfare often disturbed as the survival of the animals are always less in the fish farming. These led researchers to try generate a new technique to minimize these concerns. Recently new strategy of integrating both biofloc and probiotics were introduced called the exogenous addition of known probiotic bacteria to the biofloc. The study was demonstrated in the area by keeping biofloc as a control. Results promised that addition of single or combination of known probiotics to the biofloc further improve the growth performance of animals in addition with the maintenance of water quality parameters. Besides they also were promising the highest survival to animals with the reduction of pathogenic microbes. An exogenous root of probiotic bacteria on biofloc based aquaculture is a novel approach; relatively less number of studies has been performed in the area. This review describes the impacts of exogenous probiotics on biofloc based fish culture systems.

Multifaceted applications of probiotic Bacillus species in aquaculture with special reference to Bacillus subtilis

“…2005; Sharrer et al . 2007; Daniel & Nageswari 2017). Such conditions not only deteriorate the culture environment but also lead to outbreak of diseases (Timmons et al .…”

“…2011). As recently reviewed by Daniel and Nageswari (2017), this technology can enhance the growth and survival of aquatic organisms, boosts immunity, prevents and protects the host from colonization of harmful agents. Further, this technology helps in improving the water quality by reducing the organic load as well as increasing the heterotrophic bacteria which in turn utilize the toxic nitrogenous matters as a substrate for their growth (Crab et al .…”

“…A considerable amount of wastes consisting of metabolic by-products, excreta, solids (mainly uneaten feed and faeces), nutrients (e.g. nitrogen and phosphorus), urea/ammonia and residues of various additives and applied agents (chemotherapeutic/prophylactics) is generated during the culture (Maillard et al 2005;Sharrer et al 2007;Daniel & Nageswari 2017). Such conditions not only deteriorate the culture environment but also lead to outbreak of diseases (Timmons et al 2002;Boardman et al 2004;Antony & Philip 2006).…”

“…Such conditions not only deteriorate the culture environment but also lead to outbreak of diseases (Timmons et al 2002;Boardman et al 2004;Antony & Philip 2006). Application of biofloc technology using various microorganisms could be useful in waste treatment and subsequently improve production (De Schryver et al 2008;De Schryver & Verstraete 2009;Daniel & Nageswari 2017). Bioflocs are aggregates (flocs) of algae, bacteria, protozoans and several types of particulate organic matters such as faeces and unutilized/unconsumed feed materials.…”

Discussões sobre os aspectos educacionais no Brasil (3a Edição)

“…Estudios previos informan que la producción de bioflocos ocurre cuando la concentración microbiana alcanza valores de 10 7 UFC/mL (BURFORD et al, 2003, DANIEL;NAGESWARI, 2017). El uso de inóculo de bioflocos de cultivos anteriores posibilitaron mayores retiradas de compuestos nitrogenados en el sistema de producción de camarón Litopenaeus vannamei, según Santos et al (2019).…”