Exogenously triggered perceptual switches in multistable structure-from-motion occur in the absence of visual awareness

Pastukhov, Alexander; Klanke, Jan-Nikolas

doi:10.1167/16.3.14

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…They further speculate that such unconscious destabilizations may come with a partial or total departure from one of the clustered horizontal eye positions, which would explain the larger number of cluster changes than button presses. Interestingly, indications of unconscious destabilizations during observation of ambiguous figures have also been reported by other groups (e.g., Pastukhov & Braun, 2007; Pastukhov & Klanke, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Spontaneous Necker-Cube Reversals are not that Spontaneous

Wilson

Hecker

Joos

et al. 2023

Preprint

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During observation of the ambiguous Necker cube, our perception suddenly reverses between two about equally possible 3D interpretations. During passive observation, perceptual reversals seem to be sudden and spontaneous. A number of theoretical approaches postulate destabilization of neural representations as a precondition for spontaneous reversals of ambiguous figures. In the current study, we focused on possible EEG correlates of perceptual destabilization, that may allow to predict an upcoming perceptual reversal. We presented ambiguous Necker cube stimuli in an onset-paradigm and investigated the neural processes underlying endogenous reversals as compared to perceptual stability across two consecutive stimulus presentations. In a separate experimental condition, disambiguated cube variants were alternated randomly, to exogenously induce perceptual reversals. We compared the EEG immediately before and during endogenous Necker cube reversals with corresponding time windows during exogenously induced perceptual reversals of disambiguated cube variants. For the ambiguous Necker cube stimuli, we found the earliest differences in the EEG between reversal trials and stability trials already one second before a reversal occurred, at bilateral parietal electrodes. The traces remained similar until approximately 1100 ms before a perceived reversal, became maximally different at around 890 ms (p=7.59*10-6, Cohen's d=1.35) and remained different until shortly before offset of the stimulus preceding the reversal. No such patterns were found in the case of disambiguated cube variants. The identified EEG effects may reflect destabilized states of neural representations, related to destabilized perceptual states preceding a perceptual reversal. They further indicate that spontaneous Necker cube reversals are most probably not as spontaneous as generally thought. Rather, the destabilization may occur over a longer time scale, at least one second before a reversal event.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Spontaneous Necker-Cube Reversals are not that Spontaneous

Wilson

Hecker

Joos

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Spontaneous Necker-cube reversals may not be that spontaneous

Wilson

Hecker

Joos

et al. 2023

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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IntroductionDuring observation of the ambiguous Necker cube, our perception suddenly reverses between two about equally possible 3D interpretations. During passive observation, perceptual reversals seem to be sudden and spontaneous. A number of theoretical approaches postulate destabilization of neural representations as a pre-condition for reversals of ambiguous figures. In the current study, we focused on possible Electroencephalogram (EEG) correlates of perceptual destabilization, that may allow prediction of an upcoming perceptual reversal.MethodsWe presented ambiguous Necker cube stimuli in an onset-paradigm and investigated the neural processes underlying endogenous reversals as compared to perceptual stability across two consecutive stimulus presentations. In a separate experimental condition, disambiguated cube variants were alternated randomly, to exogenously induce perceptual reversals. We compared the EEG immediately before and during endogenous Necker cube reversals with corresponding time windows during exogenously induced perceptual reversals of disambiguated cube variants.ResultsFor the ambiguous Necker cube stimuli, we found the earliest differences in the EEG between reversal trials and stability trials already 1 s before a reversal occurred, at bilateral parietal electrodes. The traces remained similar until approximately 1100 ms before a perceived reversal, became maximally different at around 890 ms (p = 7.59 × 10–6, Cohen’s d = 1.35) and remained different until shortly before offset of the stimulus preceding the reversal. No such patterns were found in the case of disambiguated cube variants.DiscussionThe identified EEG effects may reflect destabilized states of neural representations, related to destabilized perceptual states preceding a perceptual reversal. They further indicate that spontaneous Necker cube reversals are most probably not as spontaneous as generally thought. Rather, the destabilization may occur over a longer time scale, at least 1 s before a reversal event, despite the reversal event as such being perceived as spontaneous by the viewer.

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“…4c. The model indicated that the transient bias occurs shortly after the onscreen motion-reversal event, with the perceptual switch itself occurring no earlier than 20 ms after that (Pastukhov & Klanke, 2016), and decays rapidly (decay time constants 200-300 ms), see legend inset in Fig. 4c; see Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Change not State: Perceptual coupling in multistable displays reflects transient bias induced by perceptual change

Pastukhov

Carbon

2021

Psychon Bull Rev

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We investigated how changes in dynamic spatial context influence visual perception. Specifically, we reexamined the perceptual coupling phenomenon when two multistable displays viewed simultaneously tend to be in the same dominant state and switch in accord. Current models assume this interaction reflecting mutual bias produced by a dominant perceptual state. In contrast, we demonstrate that influence of spatial context is strongest when perception changes. First, we replicated earlier work using bistable kinetic-depth effect displays, then extended it by employing asynchronous presentation to show that perceptual coupling cannot be accounted for by the static context provided by perceptually dominant states. Next, we demonstrated that perceptual coupling reflects transient bias induced by perceptual change, both in ambiguous and disambiguated displays. We used a hierarchical Bayesian model to characterize its timing, demonstrating that the transient bias is induced 50–70 ms after the exogenous trigger event and decays within ~200–300 ms. Both endogenous and exogenous switches led to quantitatively and qualitatively similar perceptual consequences, activating similar perceptual reevaluation mechanisms within a spatial surround. We explain how they can be understood within a transient selective visual attention framework or using local lateral connections within sensory representations. We suggest that observed perceptual effects reflect general mechanisms of perceptual inference for dynamic visual scene perception.

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Exogenously triggered perceptual switches in multistable structure-from-motion occur in the absence of visual awareness

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

Spontaneous Necker-Cube Reversals are not that Spontaneous

Spontaneous Necker-Cube Reversals are not that Spontaneous

Spontaneous Necker-cube reversals may not be that spontaneous

Change not State: Perceptual coupling in multistable displays reflects transient bias induced by perceptual change

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