Exosomal circGSE1 promotes immune escape of hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing the expansion of regulatory T cells

Huang, Mingyao; Huang, Xin; Huang, Ning

doi:10.1111/cas.15365

Cited by 61 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…2). [65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73] ncRNAs and T cells T lymphocytes are the primary effector cells in cellular immunity and include subsets with distinct roles in immunity and immune-mediated pathologies. 74 Cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) kill and eradicate malignant cells.…”

Section: Ncrnas and Adaptive Immune Cells In Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…70 Similarly, exosomal circGSE1 from HCC cells promoted immune escape, tumor growth, and metastasis by promoting Treg differentiation and proliferation by regulating an miR-324-5p/TGFBR1/Smad3/FOXP3 axis. 71 In addition, Yu et al 72 reported that poorly expressed lncRNA FENDRR in HCC cells acted an miR-423-5p sponge to downregulate GADD45B, enhance the immune-suppressive activity of Tregs, and allow HCC cells to escape from immune surveillance. 72 Taken together, the studies underscore the crucial role of ncRNAs in T cell-mediated immunosuppression and might inspire immunotherapy.…”

Section: Ncrnas and Adaptive Immune Cells In Timementioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Noncoding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Lv¹,

Wang²,

Yuan³

2023

J Clin Transl Hepatol

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Section: Ncrnas and Adaptive Immune Cells In Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ncrnas and Adaptive Immune Cells In Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Noncoding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Lv¹,

Wang²,

Yuan³

2023

J Clin Transl Hepatol

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“…Tumor-cell-derived exosomes can be directly transported into CD8+ T cells, tumor-infiltrating T cells, or regulatory T cells to inhibit their anti-tumor function or modulate their cellular behaviors [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Furthermore, HCC-derived exosomes can induce nature killer (NK) cell activation, attenuate NK cell cytotoxicity, and arrest them to secret cytokines [ 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Influence Of Exosomes On Tumor Microenvironment Of Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Exosomes in Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Tian

Han

Dong

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, having a significantly poor prognosis and no sufficiently efficient treatments. Immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has provided new therapeutic approaches for HCC patients. Nevertheless, most patients with HCC do not benefit from immunotherapy. Exosomes are biologically active lipid bilayer nano-sized vesicles ranging in size from 30 to 150 nm and can be secreted by almost any cell. In the HCC tumor microenvironment (TME), numerous cells are involved in tumor progression, and exosomes—derived from tumor cells and immune cells—exhibit unique composition profiles and act as intercellular communicators by transporting various substances. Showing the dual characteristics of tumor promotion and suppression, exosomes exert multiple functions in shaping tumor immune responses in the crosstalk between tumor cells and surrounding immune cells, mediating immunotherapy resistance by affecting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis or the anti-tumor function of immune cells in the TME. Targeting exosomes or the application of exosomes as therapies is involved in many aspects of HCC immunotherapies (e.g., ICIs, tumor vaccines, and adoptive cell therapy) and may substantially enhance their efficacy. In this review, we discuss the impact of exosomes on the HCC TME and comprehensively summarize the role of exosomes in immunotherapy resistance and therapeutic application. We also discuss the potential of exosomes as biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy to help clinicians in identifying HCC patients who are amenable to immunotherapies.

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“…In NSCLC patients, circUSP7 promotes tumor progression and is critical for immune evasion ( Chen et al, 2021 ). Similarly, circGSE1 facilitates immunological escape of HCC by facilitating the proliferative ability of Tregs via modulating the miR-324p/TGFBR1/Smad3 axis ( Huang et al, 2022 ). Correspondingly, in patients with HCC, enhanced levels of circUHRF1 imply NK cell malfunction and a poor clinical outlook.…”

Section: Exosomal Ncrnas In Regulating Cancer Hallmarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosome-encapsulated ncRNAs: Emerging yin and yang of tumor hallmarks

et al. 2022

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Tumorigenesis is a multifaceted process, where multiple physiological traits serving as cancer’s distinctive characteristics are acquired. “Hallmarks of cancer” is a set of cognitive abilities acquired by human cells that are pivotal to their tumor-forming potential. With limited or no protein-coding ability, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) interact with their target molecules and yield significant regulatory effects on several cell cycle processes. They play a “yin” and “yang” role, thereby functioning both as oncogenic and tumor suppressor and considered important in the management of various types of cancer entities. ncRNAs serve as important post-transcriptional and translational regulators of not only unrestricted expansion and metastasis of tumor cells but also of various biological processes, such as genomic mutation, DNA damage, immune escape, and metabolic disorder. Dynamical attributes such as increased proliferative signaling, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition are considered to be significant determinants of tumor malignancy, metastatic dissemination, and therapeutic resistance. Furthermore, these biological attributes engage tumor cells with immune cells within the tumor microenvironment to promote tumor formation. We elaborate the interaction of ncRNAs with various factors in order to regulate cancer intra/intercellular signaling in a specific tumor microenvironment, which facilitates the cancer cells in acquiring malignant hallmarks. Exosomes represent a means of intercellular communication and participate in the maintenance of the tumor hallmarks, adding depth to the intricate, multifactorial character of malignant neoplasia. To summarize, ncRNAs have a profound impact on tumors, affecting their microcirculation, invasiveness, altered metabolism, microenvironment, and the capacity to modify the host immunological environment. Though the significance of ncRNAs in crosstalk between the tumor and its microenvironment is being extensively explored, we intend to review the hallmarks in the light of exosome-derived non-coding RNAs and their impact on the tumor microenvironment.

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Exosomal circGSE1 promotes immune escape of hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing the expansion of regulatory T cells

Cited by 61 publications

References 37 publications

Role of Noncoding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Role of Noncoding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Role of Exosomes in Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Exosome-encapsulated ncRNAs: Emerging yin and yang of tumor hallmarks

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