Exosomal miR-1290 is a potential biomarker of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma and can discriminate patients from those with malignancies of other histological types

Abstract

BackgroundmicroRNAs (miRNAs) stably exist in circulating blood encapsulated in extracellular vesicles such as exosomes; therefore, serum miRNAs have the potential to serve as novel cancer biomarkers. New diagnostic markers to detect high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) are urgently needed. The aim of this study was to identify miRNAs specific to HGSOC and analyze whether serum miRNA can discriminate HGSOC patients from healthy controls or patients with ovarian malignancies of other histological types.MethodsExosomes from ovarian cancer cell lines were collected and exosomal miRNAs extracted. miRNA microarray analysis revealed several elevated miRNAs specific to HGSOC. Among these, we focused on miR-1290. Sera from 70 ovarian cancer patients and 13 healthy controls were gathered and its expression levels detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsIn HGSOC patients, serum miR-1290 was significantly overexpressed compared to in healthy controls (3.52 fold; P = 0.03), unlike in patients with ovarian cancers of other histological types. The relative expression of miR-1290 was higher in advanced stages of HGSOC than in early stages (4.23 vs. 1.58; P = 0.23). Its expression significantly decreased after operation (5.87 to 1.17; P < 0.01), indicating that this miRNA reflects tumor burden. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that at the cut-off of 1.20, the sensitivity and specificity were 63% and 85% respectively for discriminating patients with HGSOC (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.71) from healthy controls, and at the cut-off of 1.55, the sensitivity and specificity were 47% and 85% respectively for discriminating patients with HGSOC (AUC = 0.76) from those with malignancies of other histological types.ConclusionsSerum miR-1290 is significantly elevated in patients with HGSOC and can be used to discriminate these patients from those with malignancies of other histological types; it is a new potential diagnostic biomarker for HGSOC.

Epigenetic Biomarkers in the Management of Ovarian Cancer: Current Prospectives

“…Kobayashi et al have shown significant overexpression of serum miR-1290 in advance stage HGSOC in comparison to early stage. Moreover, it was capable to discriminate patients with HGSOC from patients with malignancies of other histological subtypes with a sensitivity of 47% and specificity of 85% (AUC = 0.76), thus reflecting diagnostic potential of miR-1290 for HGSOC (Kobayashi et al, 2018).…”

Hypoxia-Induced Adaptations of miRNomes and Proteomes in Melanoma Cells and Their Secreted Extracellular Vesicles

“…Here, we identified a new hypoxia-associated miRNA, miR-1290, which promotes cell migration and invasion of cancer cells [69,70]. In addition, EV miR-1290 was found to be a biomarker in ovarian carcinoma [71]. MiR-1290 was not detected or had a very low expression in nEVs, normoxic and hypoxic whole cell lysates (data not shown), which means that this miRNA is specifically loaded into hEVs.…”

Serum exosomal microRNA-34a as a potential biomarker in epithelial ovarian cancer

“…Deb et al summarized the current knowledge regarding the role of miRNA expression in OC [27]. In addition, several previous studies have shown that stable circulating miRNAs play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis of OC [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, to our knowledge, few reports have described miRNA levels in exosomes isolated from the plasma of OC patients [16][17][18][19].…”