Exosomal noncoding RNAs in prostate cancer

Movahedpour, Ahmad; Khatami, Seyyed Hossein; Karami, Neda; Vakili, Omid; Naeli, Parisa; Jamali, Zeinab; Shabaninejad, Zahra; Tazik, Khalil; Behrouj, Hamid; Ghasemi, Hassan

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2022.10.018

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The main types of EVs are exosomes, microvesicles (also called ectosomes, shedding vesicles or microparticles) and apoptotic bodies that are generated by different biogenetic pathways and differ in their molecular content and functions in the body (Yáñez-Mó et al, 2015;van Niel et al, 2018). EVs contain various lipids, proteins, metabolites, RNAs including protein coding and non-coding RNAs such as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), and even DNA fragments (Yáñez-Mó et al, 2015;Movahedpour et al, 2022). Overall, molecular cargo of EVs is reminiscent of their cell of origin, however various sorting mechanisms exist that can sort selective cargo into EV lumen thus leading to the depletion or enrichment of some molecules in EVs (Vasconcelos et al, 2019;Seyedaghamiri et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma and urinary extracellular vesicles as a source of RNA biomarkers for prostate cancer in liquid biopsies

Bajo-Santos

Brokāne

Zayakin

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Introduction: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a very attractive source of cancer- derived RNA biomarkers for the early detection, prognosis and monitoring of various cancers, including prostate cancer (PC). However, biofluids contain a mixture of EVs released from a variety of tissues and the fraction of total EVs that are derived from PC tissue is not known. Moreover, the optimal biofluid—plasma or urine—that is more suitable for the detection of EV- enclosed RNA biomarkers is not yet clear.Methodology: In the current study, we performed RNA sequencing analysis of plasma and urinary EVs collected before and after radical prostatectomy, and matched tumor and normal prostate tissues of 10 patients with prostate cancer.Results and Discussion: The most abundant RNA biotypes in EVs were miRNA, piRNA, tRNA, lncRNA, rRNA and mRNA. To identify putative cancer-derived RNA biomarkers, we searched for RNAs that were overexpressed in tumor as compared to normal tissues, present in the pre-operation EVs and decreased in the post-operation EVs in each RNA biotype. The levels of 63 mRNAs, 3 lncRNAs, 2 miRNAs and 1 piRNA were significantly increased in the tumors and decreased in the post-operation urinary EVs, thus suggesting that these RNAs mainly originate from PC tissue. No such RNA biomarkers were identified in plasma EVs. This suggests that the fraction of PC-derived EVs in urine is larger than in plasma and allows the detection and tracking of PC-derived RNAs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma and urinary extracellular vesicles as a source of RNA biomarkers for prostate cancer in liquid biopsies

Bajo-Santos

Brokāne

Zayakin

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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“…In this context, exosomal ncRNAs have been shown to be correlated with various human cancers, such as BC, lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), glioblastomas, and prostate cancer. ( Li et al, 2018a ; He et al, 2018 ; Hu et al, 2020a ; Movahedpour et al, 2021 ; Movahedpour et al, 2022a ; Taghvimi et al, 2022 ). For instance, in the case of HCC, exosomal ncRNAs interfere with the process of liver fibrosis and subsequent cirrhosis and consequently provoke tumorigenesis and HCC development ( Quail and Joyce, 2013 ; Bukong et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Functional Roles Of Exosomal Ncrnas In Multiple Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The landscape of exosomal non-coding RNAs in breast cancer drug resistance, focusing on underlying molecular mechanisms

et al. 2023

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Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Like many other cancers, BC therapy is challenging and sometimes frustrating. In spite of the various therapeutic modalities applied to treat the cancer, drug resistance, also known as, chemoresistance, is very common in almost all BCs. Undesirably, a breast tumor might be resistant to different curative approaches (e.g., chemo- and immunotherapy) at the same period of time. Exosomes, as double membrane-bound extracellular vesicles 1) secreted from different cell species, can considerably transfer cell products and components through the bloodstream. In this context, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including miRNAs, long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are a chief group of exosomal constituents with amazing abilities to regulate the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of BC, such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, migration, and particularly drug resistance. Thereby, exosomal ncRNAs can be considered potential mediators of BC progression and drug resistance. Moreover, as the corresponding exosomal ncRNAs circulate in the bloodstream and are found in different body fluids, they can serve as foremost prognostic/diagnostic biomarkers. The current study aims to comprehensively review the most recent findings on BC-related molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways affected by exosomal miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, with a focus on drug resistance. Also, the potential of the same exosomal ncRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of BC will be discussed in detail.

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“…Exosomes directly connect to the receptors located on the recipient cell surface and fuse the contents of their membrane with its plasma membrane. This process plays a vital role in the regulation of recipient cell functions by carrying proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids [ 66 ]. In this way, exosomes play significant roles in maintaining normal conditions, such as intercellular communication, tissue repair, hematopoietic function, and organ development, and are involved in pathologic conditions, such as cancer progression and metastasis [ 62 ].…”

Section: Exosomes: Biogenesis Composition and Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes: Promising Delivery Tools for Overcoming Blood-Brain Barrier and Glioblastoma Therapy

et al. 2023

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Gliomas make up virtually 80% of all lethal primary brain tumors and are categorized based on their cell of origin. Glioblastoma is an astrocytic tumor that has an inferior prognosis despite the ongoing advances in treatment modalities. One of the main reasons for this shortcoming is the presence of the blood-brain barrier and blood-brain tumor barrier. Novel invasive and non-invasive drug delivery strategies for glioblastoma have been developed to overcome both the intact blood-brain barrier and leverage the disrupted nature of the blood-brain tumor barrier to target cancer cells after resection—the first treatment stage of glioblastoma. Exosomes are among non-invasive drug delivery methods and have emerged as a natural drug delivery vehicle with high biological barrier penetrability. There are various exosome isolation methods from different origins, and the intended use of the exosomes and starting materials defines the choice of isolation technique. In the present review, we have given an overview of the structure of the blood-brain barrier and its disruption in glioblastoma. This review provided a comprehensive insight into novel passive and active drug delivery techniques to overcome the blood-brain barrier, emphasizing exosomes as an excellent emerging drug, gene, and effective molecule delivery vehicle used in glioblastoma therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12035-023-03365-0.

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Exosomal noncoding RNAs in prostate cancer

Cited by 26 publications

References 52 publications

Plasma and urinary extracellular vesicles as a source of RNA biomarkers for prostate cancer in liquid biopsies

Plasma and urinary extracellular vesicles as a source of RNA biomarkers for prostate cancer in liquid biopsies

The landscape of exosomal non-coding RNAs in breast cancer drug resistance, focusing on underlying molecular mechanisms

Exosomes: Promising Delivery Tools for Overcoming Blood-Brain Barrier and Glioblastoma Therapy

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