Exosomes as Potential Biomarkers for Erectile Dysfunction, Varicocele, and Testicular Injury

Khodamoradi, Kajal; Golan, Roei; Dullea, Alexandra; Ramasamy, Ranjith

doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2021.10.001

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Abnormal cell signaling may cause pathological disease progressions such as endothelial dysfunction, diabetes, and cancer ( 36 – 38 ). Furthermore, extracellular vesicles deliver many functional molecules for intercellular communication in several male diseases ( 39 ). Gene expression measurements of our scRNA-seq datasets have shown strong interactions among macrophages, fibroblasts, SMCs, and ECs, emphasizing the role of these cells in the cavernous tissue in ED.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Human Corpus Cavernosum Reveals Cellular Heterogeneity Landscapes in Erectile Dysfunction

et al. 2022

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PurposeTo assess the diverse cell populations of human corpus cavernosum in patients with severe erectile dysfunction (ED) at the single-cell level.MethodsPenile tissues collected from three patients were subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing using the BD Rhapsody™ platform. Common bioinformatics tools were used to analyze cellular heterogeneity and gene expression profiles from generated raw data, including the packages Seurat, Monocle, and CellPhoneDB.ResultsDisease-related heterogeneity of cell types was determined in the cavernous tissue such as endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells. Reclustering analysis of ECs identified an arteriole ECs subcluster and another one with gene signatures of fibroblasts. The proportion of fibroblasts was higher than the other cell populations and had the most significant cellular heterogeneity, in which a distinct subcluster co-expressed endothelial markers. The transition trajectory of differentiation from smooth muscle cells into fibroblasts was depicted using the pseudotime analysis, suggesting that the expansion of corpus cavernosum is possibly compromised as a result of fibrosis. Cell-cell communications among ECs, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages were robust, which indicated that inflammation may also have a crucial role in the development of ED.ConclusionsOur study has demonstrated a comprehensive single-cell atlas of cellular components in human corpus cavernosum of ED, providing in-depth insights into the pathogenesis. Future research is warranted to explore disease-specific alterations for individualized treatment of ED.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Human Corpus Cavernosum Reveals Cellular Heterogeneity Landscapes in Erectile Dysfunction

et al. 2022

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“…65 Their study focused on the incorporation of drugs like methotrexate, misoprostol, and mifepristone into nanocarriers for targeted delivery to the ectopic pregnancy site. 160 They found that this approach significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy of these drugs while minimizing their systemic side effects. Additionally, the nanocarriers allowed for sustained release of the drugs, ensuring a prolonged and controlled treatment.…”

Section: Innovative Nanomedicine In Ectopic Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Reproductive Disorders

Acharya,

Behera,

Behera

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Over the past decade, nanotechnology has seen extensive integration into biomedical applications, playing a crucial role in biodetection, drug delivery, and diagnostic imaging. This is especially important in reproductive health care, which has become an emerging and significant area of research. Global concerns have intensified around disorders such as infertility, endometriosis, ectopic pregnancy, erectile dysfunction, benign prostate hyperplasia, sexually transmitted infections, and reproductive cancers. Nanotechnology presents promising solutions to address these concerns by introducing innovative tools and techniques, facilitating early detection, targeted drug delivery, and improved imaging capabilities. Through the utilization of nanoscale materials and devices, researchers can craft treatments that are not only more precise but also more effective, significantly enhancing outcomes in reproductive healthcare. Looking forward, the future of nanotechnology in reproductive medicine holds immense potential for reshaping diagnostics, personalized therapies, and fertility preservation. The utilization of nanotechnology-driven drug delivery systems is anticipated to elevate treatment effectiveness, minimize side effects, and offer patients therapies that are not only more precise but also more efficient. This review aims to delve into the various types, properties, and preparation techniques of nanocarriers specifically designed for drug delivery in the context of reproductive disorders, shedding light on the current landscape and potential future directions in this dynamic field.

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“…Varicocele is a testicular pathological condition with a characteristic abnormal dilation, enlargement and tortuosity of veins in the pampiniform plexus, which is associated with male sub-or infertility [1,2]. It is a common disorder of the male reproductive system, with many recent studies shedding light on diagnosis based on the use of potential biomarkers [3] or therapeutic protocols, including surgical procedures [4]. Three possible causes of male varicocele have been reported: (i) the anatomical differences between the right and left sperm vein, which lead to a high hydrostatic pressure and, subsequently, to vein enlargement; (ii) the abnormal or lack of valves, which could cause a reflux of blood; (iii) "the nutcracker phenomenon", in which the renal vein is compressed between the aorta and the upper mesenteric artery [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varicocele in an Adult Ram: Histopathological Examination and Sperm Quality Evaluation

Basioura

Brellou

Tsakmakidis

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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Varicocele is a common pathological condition of testis that is related to male fertility problems. A 3-year age Chios ram had an abnormally enlarged scrotal area, was excluded from reproductive duties, and was euthanized with the owners’ permission. The main pathological finding was the presence of bilateral multinodular spermatic cord enlargement with laminated vascular thrombi. Histopathological examination revealed commonly mineralized thrombi within the lumen of veins of the pampiniform plexus, inflammation and testicular degeneration. The epididymides were transported to the laboratory and each cauda region was sliced and washed (8 mL water for injection/epididymis), and the epididymal sperm samples were collected. Sperm motility variables (CASA), viability (eosin-nigrosine), morphology (SpermBlue®), and DNA integrity (Acridine Orange Test, AOT) were assessed. The total and progressive motility were low in semen samples of both sides (30.00% and 1.00% vs. 42.60% and 2.50% for left and right epididymis, respectively). Low viability values were observed for both sides (26.00% vs. 23.00% for left and right epididymis, respectively), while sperm morphological abnormalities were within normal limits. No sperm with DNA damage were detected. The results of this case report indicate that varicocele is associated with testis dysfunction and degradation of ram semen quality, mainly affecting motility and kinematics.

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Exosomes as Potential Biomarkers for Erectile Dysfunction, Varicocele, and Testicular Injury

Cited by 12 publications

References 98 publications

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Human Corpus Cavernosum Reveals Cellular Heterogeneity Landscapes in Erectile Dysfunction

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Human Corpus Cavernosum Reveals Cellular Heterogeneity Landscapes in Erectile Dysfunction

Recent Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Reproductive Disorders

Varicocele in an Adult Ram: Histopathological Examination and Sperm Quality Evaluation

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