Exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma promote the re-epithelization of chronic cutaneous wounds via activation of YAP in a diabetic rat model

Abstract

Chronic wounds have become an economic, social, and public health burden and need advanced treatment. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used extensively in treatment of chronic wounds because it contains an abundance of growth factors secreted by platelets. The exosomes derived from PRP (PRP-Exos) have been proven to encapsulate principal growth factors from platelets. This study is the first to show that these exosomes may exert the function of PRP. PRP-Exos can effectively induce proliferation and migration of endothelial cells and fibroblasts to improve angiogenesis and re-epithelialization in chronic wounds. We regulated YAP to verify the PRP-Exos-dependent effect on fibroblast proliferation and migration through YAP activation. In vivo, we observed the cutaneous healing process in chronic wounds treated with PRP-Exos in a diabetic rat model. We provide evidence of the probable molecular mechanisms underlying the PRP effect on healing of chronic ulcers and describe a promising resource of growth factors from exosomes without species restriction.

Exosomal Sonic Hedgehog derived from cancer‐associated fibroblasts promotes proliferation and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

“…Exosome‐transmitted circular RNAs of gastric tumor can modulate the miR‐133/PRDM16 pathway to promote white adipose browning . Exosomes from platelet‐rich plasma can substantially improve the proliferation and migration ability of endothelial and mesenchymal cells and induce the angiogenesis and reepithelialization of chronic wounds . All those studies together illustrated that exosomal bioactive molecules including mRNA, microRNAs, and proteins can modulate the activity of recipient cells.…”

“…40 Exosomes from platelet-rich plasma can substantially improve the proliferation and migration ability of endothelial and mesenchymal cells and induce the angiogenesis and reepithelialization of chronic wounds. 41 All those studies together illustrated that exosomal bioactive molecules including mRNA, microRNAs, and proteins can modulate the activity of recipient cells. In this study, we first isolated exosomes from NFs and CAFs and verified that the CAFs-derived exosomes can be incorporated into the tumor cells and affect the phenotypes of ESCC cancer cells.…”

Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells inhibit vein graft intimal hyperplasia and accelerate reendothelialization by enhancing endothelial function

“…Next, we tried to figure out the signalling pathways that are involved in hucMSC-exosome-induced VEGF upregulation. Because the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK1/2 signalling pathways are essential for cell biological activities and are associated with VEGF regulation [23][24][25], we assessed AKT and ERK1/2 activity in HUVECs by western blot (Fig. 7a).…”

Modularized Extracellular Vesicles: The Dawn of Prospective Personalized and Precision Medicine

“…In addition, human cardiac progenitor cell‐derived EVs can promote the regeneration of injured heart tissue by increasing the proliferation of cells in/around damaged areas, including cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells, and inhibiting apoptosis of these cells 87. In addition, EVs of non‐nuclear origin, including platelets, also have incredible potential in regenerative medicine 12, 88…”