2021
DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00732-z
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Exosomes originating from infection with the cytoplasmic single-stranded RNA virus Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) protect recipient cells by inducing RIG-I mediated IFN-B response that leads to activation of autophagy

Abstract: Background Although multiple studies have demonstrated a role for exosomes during virus infections, our understanding of the mechanisms by which exosome exchange regulates immune response during viral infections and affects viral pathogenesis is still in its infancy. In particular, very little is known for cytoplasmic single-stranded RNA viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV). We have used RVFV infection as a model for cytoplasmic single-stranded RNA viruses to address th… Show more

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Cited by 13 publications
(21 citation statements)
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“…These data altogether support the idea that IFNs carried by epithelial RSV-EVs function as messengers to help blocking viral replication in neighbor cells. HIV) (33)(34)(35), other studies demonstrate on the contrary that EVs have a protective role by limiting viral replication, as it has been shown for Dengue virus (17), Rift Valley Fever virus (36) and influenza virus in a rodent model of infection (37). Our study reports for the first time a significant association of cytokines, chemokines and IFNs with EVs released from airway epithelial cells following RSV infection.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 65%
“…These data altogether support the idea that IFNs carried by epithelial RSV-EVs function as messengers to help blocking viral replication in neighbor cells. HIV) (33)(34)(35), other studies demonstrate on the contrary that EVs have a protective role by limiting viral replication, as it has been shown for Dengue virus (17), Rift Valley Fever virus (36) and influenza virus in a rodent model of infection (37). Our study reports for the first time a significant association of cytokines, chemokines and IFNs with EVs released from airway epithelial cells following RSV infection.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 65%
“…We next verified that exosomes can diffuse from the donor channel to the recipient channel and be subsequently taken in by the recipient cells. The Hakami laboratory has used monocytic U937 cells during extensive mechanistic studies of how exosomes regulate innate immune responses to infection, e.g., [ 4 ]. Therefore, we used this cell line for our chip characterization studies.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We also plan to demonstrate the functional assay capabilities of the chip by integrating it into our ongoing exosome research. For instance, the Hakami laboratory has shown that purified exosomes from cells infected with the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) can induce significant production of RIG-I-dependent interferon-beta (IFN-β) from naïve recipient cells, making them strongly refractory to infection with RVFV [ 4 ]. We can analyze this directly on the chip by injecting RVFV-infected cells into the top channel and naïve cells into the recipient channel.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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