Expanding Horizon: Controllable Morphology Design of an Ecofriendly Tamarind Seedcase-Derived Porous Carbonaceous Biomass as a Versatile Electrochemical Biosensor Platform for Reactive Oxygen Species

Abstract

Novel, uniform, and ordered biomass carbon materials using the skin tissue of tamarind seedcase (TS) as the carbon source were first synthesized by one-step carbonization or hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) without being template-assisted and are further explored for highly sensitive H 2 O 2 biosensing. The results demonstrated that the obtained biomass carbonaceous materials (TS-C, TS powder (TSP), TSP-C, TS-HTC, and TSP-HTC) with obviously different morphologies, absorption characteristics, and pore size distributions showed variable electrocatalytic properties. TS-HTC with promising pitaya flower-like structures and a high specific surface area of 436.425 m 2 g −1 presented the optimized catalytic performance for H 2 O 2 detecting at the peak potential of −0.38 V. The corresponding H 2 O 2 sensor displayed an outstanding sensitivity of 122.02 μA mM −1 cm −2 at the H 2 O 2 concentration range of 0.05−0.5 mM and 80.79 μA mM −1 cm −2 (0.5−2.7 mM), respectively. The response time was short at 3.61 s, indicating that TS-HTC has turned out to be an attractive material for designing H 2 O 2 biosensors, with a promising internally interlinked reticulate-like structure for capturing biomolecules. Moreover, the direct detection of H 2 O 2 released from Hep3B cells is demonstrated on TS-HTC-based sensors, being effective to detect H 2 O 2 activity in situ for the early diagnosis of liver cancer, suggesting its potential application for efficient recognition and determination of H 2 O 2 in fields of life science, clinics, disease prevention, and so on.

Functional Carbon from Nature: Biomass‐Derived Carbon Materials and the Recent Progress of Their Applications

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 395 ] Copyright 2021, ACS. h) Response current of TS‐HTC as a function of H 2 O 2 concentration.…”

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 395 ] Copyright 2021, ACS. j) Real‐time monitoring of H 2 O 2 released by TS‐HTC with the addition of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) without cultured Hep 3B cells (curve a), the addition of PMA (curve b), and PMA with catalase (curve c) with cultured Hep 3B cells in PBS at −0.3 V (vs Ag/AgCl).…”

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 395 ] Copyright 2021, ACS. k) Schematic diagram of a solution‐gated graphene transistor.…”

Highly efficient Ag doped δ-MnO2 decorated graphene: Comparison and application in electrochemical detection of H2O2

“…Recently, the Food and Drug Administration of the United States suggested sterilizing N95 respirator masks and personal protective equipment aerosolized by 35% concentrated vapor phase of H 2 O 2 for the safety of doctors and their assistants during this contemporary pandemic COVID-19 [6] . On the other hand, H 2 O 2 is also well known as a cytotoxic agent due to its reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing capability [7] . Excess secretions of ROS through abnormal production of H 2 O 2 in the human body could damage cell components [1] and play a vital role in diseases mechanism [8] .…”

Disposable biosensors based on metal nanoparticles

“…The immobilization of biomolecules can be achieved using several different strategies and many materials can be used as label. As a demonstration of this growing research area in nanomaterials [ [8] , [9] , [10] ], especially in electrochemical sensors [ [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] ] and catalysis [ [18] , [19] , [20] ], one needs to look no further than the number of research papers, review articles and books which has significantly increased over the past decade. Even though there are 146 critical reviews of disposable biosensors published in the present decade, there are none on the application of disposable biosensors based on metal nanoparticles in the health care sector.…”