Experiences of two different modalities in the management of choroidal melanoma in the Asian Indian population

Meeralakshmi, Prajna; Shah, Parag K; Narendran, Venkatapathy

doi:10.4103/sajc.sajc_160_16

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“… 1 It is more prevalent in the Caucasian population with an incidence of about 5.1 cases per million populations per year in the USA. 2 Earlier reports have showed that the survival rates decrease with an increase in tumor thickness in every millimeter; for example, the 10-year survival rate declined from 92% for thickness ≤1 mm to 50% with melanoma thickness >4 mm. 3 The two main pathogenic factors for melanoma are genetic predisposition and environmental factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Modulation of human melanoma cell proliferation and apoptosis by hydatid cyst fluid of <em>Echinococcus granulosus</em>

Gao

Zhang

Huang

2018

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ObjectiveThe objective of this paper was to assess the effects of hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) of Echinococcus granulosus on melanoma A375 cell proliferation and apoptosis.MethodsA375 cells were classified into five groups by in vitro culture: normal group, control group, 10% HCF group, 20% HCF group and 30% HCF group. Trypan blue staining method was employed to detect the toxicity of HCF. Effects of different concentrations of HCF on melanoma A375 cell proliferation at different time points were evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Flow cytometry and propidium iodide (PI) staining were used to detect cell cycle, and Annexin-V/PI double staining method was used to determine A375 cell apoptotic rate. Western blotting was applied to detect the expression of phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinases, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cell-cycle-related proteins (cyclin A, cyclin B1, cyclin D1 and cyclin E) and apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3).ResultsHCF with a high concentration was considered as atoxic to A375 cells. HCF promoted A375 cell proliferation, and the effects got stronger with an increase in concentrations but was retarded after reaching a certain range of concentrations. HCF increased phosphorylation level and expression of extracellular regulated protein kinase, as well as PCNA expression. HCF also promoted the transferring progression of A375 cells from the G0/G1 phase to the S phase to increase the cell number in S phase and increased the expression of cyclin A, cyclin D1 and cyclin E. HCF increased the expression of procaspase-3 (the precursor of apoptosis-related protein caspase-3) and antiapoptotic protein-Bcl-2, and decreased the expression of proapoptotic factor Bax, thereby inhibiting cell apoptosis.ConclusionAs a result, this study confirmed that HCF promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of melanoma A375 cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Modulation of human melanoma cell proliferation and apoptosis by hydatid cyst fluid of <em>Echinococcus granulosus</em>

Gao

Zhang

Huang

2018

OTT

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“…Advantages of 106 Ru are its relative ease of availability, long shelf-life, ease of reuse, and its sparing effect on surrounding healthy tissues. A study conducted among Asian Indians comparing enucleation versus brachytherapy yielded similar survival rates in both groups and intergroup observations were not statistically significant [27]. Local resection of tumor has been described in the literature.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Modified Callendar Classification is widely used histopathological classification of UM worldwide [26]. Studies from India [15,27] and China [11] showed a higher incidence of spindle type tumor as compared to mixed celltype tumor. Table 3 summarizes the histopathological features and treatment modalities in various Asian studies.…”

Section: Based On Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Uveal Melanoma in Asians: A Review

et al. 2021

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Despite limited data, some differences in the clinical profile can be observed in Asian population when compared with presentation of uveal melanoma (UM) in white population. The incidence of UM is higher in Whites than in Asians. For the purpose of comparison with Asian population, data from North America, Europe, and Australia were considered as that of “white” population. The annual incidence of UM has been reported to be 5–6 cases/million in whites. The incidence in different parts of Asia is estimated at 0.2–0.6 per million. The age of presentation is around 40–55 years in Asians, which is younger when compared to that of whites (mean age of 58 years). At presentation, mean basal diameter of tumors in Asians is greater compared to whites but overall, medium-size tumors are most common. Clinical presentation is straightforward in majority of cases with retinal detachment, acute glaucoma, uveitis, cataract, or vitreous hemorrhage as common symptoms. Epithelioid cell-type variant carries the worst prognosis. Management options for choroidal melanoma include transpupillary thermotherapy, plaque radiotherapy, charged particle irradiation, local resection, enucleation, or orbital exenteration. Most commonly used modalities are enucleation and plaque radiotherapy.

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“…The annual incidence of UM in Asia is 0.25 cases per one million individuals, but the age-standardized incidence rate increased recently to 0.60 cases per one million individuals [ 3 , 4 ]. Because of the limited number of cases, there have been a few studies reporting treatment outcomes, toxicity, or prognoses of UM in Asia [ 5 – 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual outcomes of proton beam therapy for choroidal melanoma at a single institute in the Republic of Korea

et al. 2020

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We evaluate the ocular effects of proton beam therapy (PBT) in a single institution, in Korea, and identify factors contributing to decreasing visual acuity (VA) after PBT. A total of 40 patients who received PBT for choroidal melanoma (2009‒2016) were reviewed. Dose fractionation was 60‒70 cobalt gray equivalents (CGEs) over five fractions. Complete ophthalmic examinations including funduscopy and ultrasonography were performed at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months after PBT, then annually thereafter. Only patients with at least 12 months follow-up were included. During the follow-up, consecutive best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) changes were determined, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors for VA loss. The median follow-up duration was 32 months (range: 12‒82 months). The final BCVA of nine patients was > 20/40. The main cause of vision loss was intraocular bleeding, such as neovascular glaucoma or retinal hemorrhage. Vision loss was correlated with the tumor size, tumor distance to the optic disc or fovea, maculae receiving 30 CGEs, optic discs receiving 30 CGEs, and retinas receiving 30 CGEs. Approximately one-third of PBT-treated choroidal melanoma patients with good pretreatment BCVA maintained their VA. The patients who finally lost vision (VA < count fingers) usually experienced rapid declines in VA from 6‒12 months after PBT. Tumor size, tumor distance to the optic disc or fovea, volume of the macula, and optic discs or retinas receiving 30 CGEs affected the final VA.

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Experiences of two different modalities in the management of choroidal melanoma in the Asian Indian population

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Modulation of human melanoma cell proliferation and apoptosis by hydatid cyst fluid of <em>Echinococcus granulosus</em>

Modulation of human melanoma cell proliferation and apoptosis by hydatid cyst fluid of <em>Echinococcus granulosus</em>

Uveal Melanoma in Asians: A Review

Visual outcomes of proton beam therapy for choroidal melanoma at a single institute in the Republic of Korea

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