Experimental Analysis of Titanium Dioxide Synthesis from Synthetic Rutile Waste using a Moderate Acid Concentration and Temperature

Mukifza, H. Ahmad; Awang, Huzaika; Yusof, Shahril; Farid, Eddy M.

doi:10.12693/aphyspola.132.833

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Similar The energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum (Figure S1) of the titanium dioxide shows that the catalyst contains two elements: titanium and oxygen (Ti = 76% and O = 24%). Similar results were reported by Qamar et al, 2023 [49], and Mukifza et al, 2017 [53], who reported on the purity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using EDX.…”

Section: Catalyst Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 90%

Cleaner Biofuel Production via Process Parametric Optimization of Nonedible Feedstock in a Membrane Reactor Using a Titania-Based Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst: An Aid to Sustainable Energy Development

Ameen,

Zafar,

Ahmad

et al. 2023

Membranes

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Membrane technology has been embraced as a feasible and suitable substitute for conventional time- and energy-intensive biodiesel synthesis processes. It is ecofriendly, easier to run and regulate, and requires less energy than conventional approaches, with excellent stability. Therefore, the present study involved the synthesis and application of a highly reactive and recyclable Titania-based heterogeneous nanocatalyst (TiO2) for biodiesel production from nonedible Azadhiracta indica seed oil via a membrane reactor, since Azadhiracta indica is easily and widely accessible and has a rich oil content (39% w/w). The high free fatty acids content (6.52 mg/g KOH) of the nonedible oil was decreased to less than 1% via two-step esterification. Following the esterification, transesterification was performed using a heterogeneous TiO2 nanocatalyst under optimum conditions, such as a 9:1 methanol–oil molar ratio, 90 °C reaction temperature, 2 wt.% catalyst loading, and an agitation rate of 600 rpm, and the biodiesel yield was optimized through response surface methodology (RSM). Azadhiracta indica seed oil contains 68.98% unsaturated (61.01% oleic acid, 8.97% linoleic acid) and 31.02% saturated fatty acids (15.91% palmitic acid, 15.11% stearic acid). These fatty acids transformed into respective methyl esters, with a total yield up to 95% achieved. The biodiesel was analyzed via advanced characterization techniques like gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), whereas the catalyst was characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Due to its physicochemical properties, Azadirachta indica seed oil is a highly recommended feedstock for biodiesel production. Moreover, it is concluded that the Titania-based heterogeneous nanocatalyst (TiO2) is effective for high-quality liquid fuel synthesis from nonedible Azadirachta indica seed oil in a membrane reactor, which could be an optional green route to cleaner production of bioenergy, eventually leading to sustenance, robustness, and resilience that will aid in developing a holistic framework for integrated waste management.

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Section: Catalyst Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 90%

Cleaner Biofuel Production via Process Parametric Optimization of Nonedible Feedstock in a Membrane Reactor Using a Titania-Based Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst: An Aid to Sustainable Energy Development

Ameen,

Zafar,

Ahmad

et al. 2023

Membranes

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“…Most research in natural sciences and technology depends on the design and implementation of the research experiment [1][2][3][4][5]. Given the importance of experimentation in the natural sciences and technology, different teaching methods and mathematics methods have recently been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Teaching Method for the Natural Sciences

Syla

SCHŐNHERR2²,

MALKİC³

et al. 2022

International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering

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In this contribution, we will introduce a new method of teaching and learning for the natural sciences (Biology, Physics, Chemistry) and Mathematics. The inventor and practical implementer in several world countries (Indonesia, Tanzania, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Bosnia & Herzegovina, and some schools in Germany) was Jürgen Schőnherr. The philosophy of this method is based on the idea that the first lesson of each chapter begins with an experiment, which should be clear, simple (built with ordinary tools from students' lives, kitchens, toys, tools, etc.), and have a surprising effect. Based on this approach, the method is also called Starter Experiment Approach. The role of the teacher during this lesson will be more of a guide and helper, while most of the time will belong to the students. Thus, students will be aroused with curiosity and a love for natural sciences. In countries where this method has been applied, positive effects have been observed in increasing the number of researchers in the natural sciences, and their success.

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“…Previous studies by the authors have shown some promising results with modified hydrothermal TiO 2 extraction [ 7 , 20 , 21 ], including demonstrating its ability to eradicate respiratory bacteria and fungus through self-disinfection [ 12 , 22 , 23 ]. Previous experiments with nanotitanium dioxide have also resulted in the suppression of its mutagenic capability [ 23 ] and its toxicological properties [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Photocatalytic Effects of Modified Hydrothermal Nanotitania Extraction on the Skin and Behavior of Sprague-Dawley Rats

Harun

Awang

Noor

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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Background. Potential antibacterial substances, such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), are being extensively studied throughout the research world. A modified hydrothermal nanotitania extraction was shown to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus growth in the laboratory. However, the toxicity effect of the extract on rats is unknown. In this study, we observed the effects of a modified hydrothermal nanotitania extraction on the skin and behavior of Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods. Sprague-Dawley (Rattus norvegicus) rats were used as the experimental animals. The skin around the dorsum of the tested animals was shaved and pasted with 0.1 mg and 0.5 mg of the nanotitania extraction. The color and condition of the pasted area and the behavior of the animals were observed. Results. 0.1 mg nanotitania extraction application on the dorsum of the rat produced no skin color changes at day 1, day 3, day 5, or day 7 postapplication. There were no changes in their behavior up to day 7 with no skin rashes or skin scratches seen or fur changes. However, 0.5 mg of nanotitania extraction resulted in redness and less fur regrowth at day 7. Conclusions. A 0.1 mg modified nanotitania extraction was observed to have no effect on the skin of Sprague-Dawley rats.

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Experimental Analysis of Titanium Dioxide Synthesis from Synthetic Rutile Waste using a Moderate Acid Concentration and Temperature

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Cleaner Biofuel Production via Process Parametric Optimization of Nonedible Feedstock in a Membrane Reactor Using a Titania-Based Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst: An Aid to Sustainable Energy Development

Cleaner Biofuel Production via Process Parametric Optimization of Nonedible Feedstock in a Membrane Reactor Using a Titania-Based Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst: An Aid to Sustainable Energy Development

A Teaching Method for the Natural Sciences

The Photocatalytic Effects of Modified Hydrothermal Nanotitania Extraction on the Skin and Behavior of Sprague-Dawley Rats

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