Experimental and modeling study of isobutane alkylation with C4 olefin catalyzed by Brønsted acidic ionic liquid/sulfuric acid

Zheng, Weizhong; Cao, Piao; Yuan, Yuan; Huang, Chizhou; Wang, Zhennan; Sun, Weizhen; Zhao, Ling

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2018.07.180

Cited by 26 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…All three surfactants with concentration from 1.0 to 10.0 wt% are observed to locate at the interface. This behavior is slightly different from the distribution of ionic liquids at the acid/hydrocarbons interface in our previous work, 22 in which the cations of ionic liquids with long alkyl chains have a better mixing with H 2 SO 4 in spite of their preference location at the interface. It seems that the long alkyl tails of CTAB, DDAB, and SDBS tend to insert deeply into the C4 hydrocarbon phase because of their lipophile nature.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…The structures and force field parameters of the concentrated H 2 SO 4 (including the H 2 SO 4 molecule, bisulphate ion and hydronium ion) and C4 hydrocarbons for MD simulations were directly taken from our previous papers 22,23 . The C4 hydrocarbons box consists of equivalent 2‐butene and isobutane with the box size of 6.0 × 6.0 × 4.0 nm 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The long‐range electrostatic interactions were treated by the particle grid Ewald method. The all‐atom force field (OPLS‐AA) was used to treat the interaction between the surfactants (CTAB, DDAB, and SDBS), H 2 SO 4 and C4 hydrocarbons 22,23,30 . At the same time, the charges of the surfactants were refitted according to the ChelpG method at the Basis set of 6–311 + G(d,p) level using Gaussian 09 program 31…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the sulfonic acid derivatives, sulfonamides, amides, amines, and aromatic additives (such as benzene, pyridine, and thiophene) have been reported 14–16 . Recently, ionic liquids have been dominantly investigated as the additives since the pioneering work of Tang et al, 17 followed by Zhang's groups 6,16,18–21 and our groups 22–24 . Particularly, Wang et al prepared the adamantane‐based ionic liquids as more efficient additives for the H 2 SO alkylation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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H₂SO₄‐catalyzed isobutane alkylation under low temperatures promoted by long‐alkyl‐chain surfactant additives

et al. 2021

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To deeply understand the role of surfactants on the acid/C4 hydrocarbon miscibility, the catalytic activity and molecular‐level interfacial properties of long‐alkyl‐chain cationic surfactants (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, CATB and dihexadecyldimethylammoniumchloride, DDAB) and anionic one (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, SDBS) were studied as additives for H2SO4 alkylation using experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. Surfactant additives are found to efficiently decrease by‐products and promote higher selectivity of trimethylpentanes (TMPs) and higher research octane number (RON), which is attributed to the improvement of acid/hydrocarbons interface, including better interfacial dispersion, higher I/O ratio, and lower interfacial tension. Surfactant additives show an interfacial intensification, quite different from intrinsic reaction intensification by low temperature. Combination of SDBS additive and lower temperature contributes to significantly higher TMP selectivity and higher RON up to 84.20 wt% and 99.07 at 269.2 K from 60.21 wt% and 94.34 at 281.2 K, respectively. The information provides good reference for the industrial H2SO4 alkylation.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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H₂SO₄‐catalyzed isobutane alkylation under low temperatures promoted by long‐alkyl‐chain surfactant additives

et al. 2021

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“…The commercial alkylation process usually uses liquid acid as catalyst, including concentrated sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) 5,6 . However, HF suffers from high toxicity and volatility once it releases or forms aerosol, which can result in large potential danger 3,7 . The solid acid as an environmentally friendly alternative shows a good selectivity and catalytic activity [8][9][10][11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Deep Eutectic Solvents on H2SO4-catalyzed Alkylation: Combining Experiment and Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Ma¹,

Sha²,

Zheng

et al. 2021

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To enhance the catalytic performance of H2SO4-catalyzed alkylation, various catalytic additives have drawn considerable attention. Herein, the effects of deep eutectic solvents additives (DESs) on catalytic performance and interfacial properties of H2SO4 alkylation were systematically investigated using experimental methods and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Experimental results indicate that DESs additives with the optimal concentration about 1.0 wt% can efficiently improve C8 selectivity and research octane number (RON) of alkylate. However, DESs additives contribute less to the quality of alkylate at low temperature and to the lifetime of H2SO4. MD results reveal that the phenyl molecules of DESs additives play a major role in enhancing interfacial properties of H2SO4 alkylation, including enlargement of interfacial thickness, promotion of isobutane relative solubility and diffusion to butene, which is probably the main reason for the better quality of alkylate. This work gives a good guideline for the design of novel DESs for H2SO4 alkylation.

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Promoting the sulfuric acid catalyzed isobutane alkylation by quaternary ammonium ionic liquids

et al. 2020

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Seven typical quaternary ammonium ionic liquids, amino acid ionic liquids, and imidazolium ionic liquids were synthesized, characterized, and investigated as co‐catalyst for the sulfuric acid catalyzed isobutane alkylation. The results show that the introduction of [OPSIm][HSO4] or [Pr3NPS][HSO4] both leads to a better catalytic performance and higher quality of alkylate products. The molecular dynamic simulation indicates that the [OPSIm][HSO4] can promote the dissolution of isobutane molecules at interface, further improving the ratio of isobutane to olefin from 1.02 to 1.18. Differently, the [Pr3NPS][HSO4] can significantly increase the interface width from 0.66 to 0.97 nm and reduce the interface tension from 28.49 to 14.62 mN/m, thereby enhancing the reaction area and improving the ion transfer. The [Pro][HSO4] and [Gly][HSO4] result in a worse quality of alkylate products due to no positive effect on the interfacial properties such as interfacial solubility of isobutane.

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Experimental and modeling study of isobutane alkylation with C4 olefin catalyzed by Brønsted acidic ionic liquid/sulfuric acid

Cited by 26 publications

References 48 publications

H₂SO₄‐catalyzed isobutane alkylation under low temperatures promoted by long‐alkyl‐chain surfactant additives

H₂SO₄‐catalyzed isobutane alkylation under low temperatures promoted by long‐alkyl‐chain surfactant additives

Effects of Deep Eutectic Solvents on H2SO4-catalyzed Alkylation: Combining Experiment and Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Promoting the sulfuric acid catalyzed isobutane alkylation by quaternary ammonium ionic liquids

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Experimental and modeling study of isobutane alkylation with C4 olefin catalyzed by Brønsted acidic ionic liquid/sulfuric acid

Cited by 26 publications

References 48 publications

H2SO4‐catalyzed isobutane alkylation under low temperatures promoted by long‐alkyl‐chain surfactant additives

H2SO4‐catalyzed isobutane alkylation under low temperatures promoted by long‐alkyl‐chain surfactant additives

Effects of Deep Eutectic Solvents on H2SO4-catalyzed Alkylation: Combining Experiment and Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Promoting the sulfuric acid catalyzed isobutane alkylation by quaternary ammonium ionic liquids

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H₂SO₄‐catalyzed isobutane alkylation under low temperatures promoted by long‐alkyl‐chain surfactant additives

H₂SO₄‐catalyzed isobutane alkylation under low temperatures promoted by long‐alkyl‐chain surfactant additives