Experimental and molecular docking investigation on DNA interaction of N‐substituted phthalimides: antibacterial, antioxidant and hemolytic activities

Abstract

A series of Schiff base molecules derived from a phthalimide scaffold was investigated as efficient antibacterial, antioxidant and DNA-interacting agents. The spectroscopic characterization of these derivatives was studied in detail using elemental analysis and spectroscopic techniques. The DNA-binding profile of title molecules against Ct-DNA (calf thymus) was investigated by absorbance, fluorescence, hydrodynamics and thermal denaturation investigations. The bacterial inhibition potential of these molecules was investigated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Molecule 3c emerged as the most active against S. aureus (IC : 14.8 μg/mL), whereas compounds 3a and 3b displayed potential antibacterial activities against E. coli (IC : 49.7 and 67.6 μg/mL). Molecular docking studies of these compounds against GlcN-6-P synthase were carried out to rationalize antibacterial efficiency of these molecules. These newly synthesized molecules were screened for their scavenging capacity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and H O free radicals and the results were compared with ascorbic acid as synthetic antioxidant. The title molecules 3a, 3b and 3e showed less than 20% hemolysis, which indicated their significant non-toxic behavior.

Synthesis, In Vitro Biological Evaluation and In Silico Studies of Some New Heterocyclic Schiff Bases

“…Hypochromism was occur due to π*‐π transition between the base pairs of DNA and compounds. Confirmation of DNA changes and red shift was observed which was due to decrease in energy level of π*‐orbital of compound . However, the secondary structure of DNA was breakage because of the electrostatic interaction or groove binding which leads to the hyperchromic effect along with blue shift.…”

New phthalimide‐appended Schiff bases: Studies of DNA binding, molecular docking and antioxidant activities

“…DNA interaction studies include absorption, emission titrations, viscosity measurements, circular dichroism, KI quenching, thermal denaturation studies and free radical scavenging activity experiments are according to the standard procedures and practices formerly implemented by our laboratory. [18,19] The DNA concentration in the stock solution was determined from its absorption intensity at ɛ 260 = 6600 L mol −1 cm −1 . The absorbance ratio of Ct-DNA at 260 and 280 nm was found to be 1.9:1 demonstrating that DNA was significantly free from protein contamination.…”

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2‐(4‐(benzo[d]thiazol‐5‐ylsulfonyl)piperazine‐1‐yl)‐N‐substituted acetamide derivatives

“…[ 9 ] This promotes synthesis of inhibition. Piperazine and substituted piperazine were important pharmacophores having activities like antidiabetic, [ 10 ] anticancer, [ 10–12 ] anti‐inflammatory, [ 13 ] and antibacterial, [ 14 ] so there was a worldwide focus on the piperazine moieties; number of acetamide as well as sulfonyl acetamide glycosyl derivatives was found to possess antitubercular activity [ 15–17 ] and plays a versatile role in the synthesis of many drugs. An aryl acetamide derivative shows antimicrobial agents such as antifungal, [ 18 ] herbicide, [ 19 ] and disinfectants.…”