Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Flow under Sluice Gates

Abstract

The flow characteristics upstream and downstream of sluice gates are studied experimentally and numerically using Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes two-dimensional simulations with a volume of fluid method. Special attention was brought to large opening and submergence, a frequent situation in distribution canals that is little seldom addressed in the literature. Experimental results obtained by ADV measurements provide mean velocity distributions and turbulence characteristics. The flow is shown to be mostly two-dimensional. Velocity fields were simulated using renormalization group k-epsilon and Reynolds stress model turbulence models, leading to an estimation of energy and momentum correction coefficients, head loss, and bed friction. The contraction coefficient is also shown to increase with gate opening at large submergence, which is consistent with the energy-momentum balance. This result can be used to derive accurate discharge equations.

The hydraulics of parallel sluice gates under low flow delivery condition

“…2 current experimental data of the single sluice gate are in a very good agreement with the experimentations carried out by Rajaratnam and Subramanya [4], Ferro [15], and Cassan and Belaud [17]. Also, the coefficients a and b were obtained as 0.8749 and 0.3455 respectively.…”

Model development in OpenFOAM to predict spillway jet regimes

“…This approach has been widely used to study flows under sluice gates (Kim 2007). However, past investigations on gate contraction show that energy losses by friction and water surface oscillations may affect the contraction coefficient (Kim 2007;Cassan & Belaud 2012). Field observations show that experimental values of contraction coefficients always exceed the theoretical values by 5-10% (Kim 2007).…”

Modelling Flow Under Baffle Sluice Gates

“…Among these structures, vertical gates are very common, and for this reason they are the subject of many studies in experimental and Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD), in order to derive stage-discharge relationships and study the effect of submergence on contraction coefficients (Cassan and Belaud, (2012) [4]). An engineering problem with vertical sluice gates is the force needed to change their opening.…”

“…It has been used in particular for vertical sluice gate (Akoz et al, (2010) [1]; Cassan and Belaud, (2012) [4]). Due to material limitation, potential theory are firstly used to describe the flow.…”