Experimental Encephalomyelitis Induces Changes in DJ-1: Implications for Oxidative Stress in Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract

DJ-1 plays an important role in oxidative stress, and is involved in various neurodegenerative diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests a central role for oxidative stress in multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to examine whether changes occur in DJ-1 expression in an animal model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We found upregulation of DJ-1 mRNA and protein expression levels in EAE and a correlation between disease severity and increased DJ-1 levels. Although DJ-1 isoforms were more alkaline in controls, in EAE, a shift was noted toward acidic isoforms. ROS induced by SIN-I exposure led to an increase in DJ-1 mRNA and protein levels in human glioma U-87 cells. Immunocytochemical staining demonstrated that DJ-1 is present both in the cytoplasm and the nuclei of these cells. This is the first report of modulation of DJ-1 expression in EAE. Upregulation of DJ-1 was noted in EAE, and similar results were observed in glioma cells exposed to ROS. In view of the accumulating evidence on the central role of oxidative stress in MS, and the importance of DJ-1 in oxidative stress management by the CNS, we believe that DJ-1 will be found to have a central role in MS.

C-Phycocyanin ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and induces regulatory T cells

“…This result is very much like that of the activation of oxidative stress referred for the EAE model by Lev et al, [42] and a similar performance has been reported for MS patients, where an up-regulation of lipid peroxidation has been found [43]. The lowering of this process by C-Pc may be exploited, encouraging this therapeutic approach, since lipid oxidation induces structural and functional cell failure.…”

Redox Processes in Neurodegenerative Disease Involving Reactive Oxygen Species

“…Sensitivity of motor neurons to reactive nitrogen species has implications for MS [125]. Additional evidence suggests a central role for OS in MS [126]. MS patients display elevated TBARS levels, reduced protein SH groups and slightly reduced SOD [127].…”

Haplotypes across the human caveolin 1 gene upstream purine complex significantly alter gene expression: Implication in neurodegenerative disorders

“…In the current study, we analyze the functional implication of the disease vs. control homozygote haplotypes in three neuronal cell lines LAN-5, U-87 MG, and N2A. These three cell lines have been widely used for the analysis of gene expression in neurodegenerative disorders (Businaro et al, 2006;Lev et al, 2006;Mandel et al, 2008;Qing et al, 2008).…”