“…Exploiting non-linear effects in SOAs and MZI-SOAs has enabled the demonstration of integrated optical buffers, making GHz flip-flop operation possible [101]. The MZI-SOA has become an important element to performs a variety of optical logic functions and provides high Extinction Ratio (ER), requires low switching energies to operate and have regenerative capability and compactness [8,[102][103][104]. An optical logic Exclusive OR (XOR) gate, based on a hybrid integrated MZI-SOA, served has the starting point for the modulation format conversion scheme proposed in Chapter 5.…”