Experimental investigations on active solar dryers integrated with thermal storage for drying of black pepper

Lakshmi, D.V.N.; Muthukumar, P.; Nayak, P.

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2020.11.144

Cited by 77 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In both cases, morisa xak leaves were dried at microwave power level of 720 W (MW‐720 W). The color attribute b * varied from 11.33 (Hot water—1 min) to 14.66 (US‐44 kHz—20 min) and dried in MW‐720 W. Variations in L * values may be correlated with the browning reactions and differences in b * attributes might have been associated with degradation of chlorophyll and carotenoids, non‐enzymatic browning and production of brown pigments (Dadali, Demirhan, & Ozbek, 2007; Lakshmi, Muthukumar, & Nayak, 2021; Shin et al, 2015). Drying at higher temperatures may result in the conversion of chlorophyll in to pheophytin where magnesium has been substituted by hydrogen (Rudra, Sarkar, & Shivhare, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pre‐treatments on the degradation kinetics of chlorophylls in morisa xak (Amaranthus caudatus) leaves after microwave drying

Nayak

Chandrasekar

Haque

et al. 2021

J Food Process Engineering

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Drying is one of the complex processes, comprising parallel heat and mass transfer reactions. It extends the shelf life of perishable agricultural produces (like green leafy vegetables) by decreasing the level of water activity. In the present work, hot water and ultrasound pretreatments were conducted, prior to the dehydration of fresh morisa xak (Amaranthus caudatus) leaves by microwave drying for improving color stability. In order to assess the color degradation kinetics of chlorophyll, the impact of drying techniques on hunter color parameters (L*, a*, b*) and total color difference (TCD) has been evaluated. Thermal degradation of chlorophyll of the green leaves followed the first order kinetics and Arrhenius equation was employed to describe the temperature dependence of the reaction rate constant. From the study, the protective effect of ultra sound pretreatment on the color stability of morisa xak leaves prior to microwave drying can be observed. Practical Applications Morisa xak is popular and an important green leaves consumed by North Eastern Part of India. As it has high moisture content, morisa xak leaves has been prone to deterioration during post‐harvest storage. Microwave drying has been preferred over traditional hot air drying method due to its high drying rates and better drying quality. As chlorophyll is the main coloring pigment in green leaves, its deterioration is very common during drying. In the current investigation, different pre‐treatments (hot water and ultra sound) were applied to morisa xak leaves before microwave drying to improve the chlorophyll content. The results of the study indicated that the application of ultra sound pretreatment before microwave drying could be a promising technique in comparison with hot air drying method for drying of green leaves with minimum degradation in chlorophyll.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pre‐treatments on the degradation kinetics of chlorophylls in morisa xak (Amaranthus caudatus) leaves after microwave drying

Nayak

Chandrasekar

Haque

et al. 2021

J Food Process Engineering

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“…The paraffin wax PCM-OM-50 is an organic chemical type phase changing material and holds the latent heat in its crystalline form (Kondareddy et al, 2020;Lakshmi et al, 2021). The specifications of PCM-OM-50 used in the system are 60°C-62°C melting temperature, thermal conductivity 0.24 W/m K, latent heat of fusion 190 kJ/kg and solid specific heat 2.38 kJ/kg K and solid density 922 kg/m 3 .…”

Section: Design Of Modified Solar Dryermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, T a indicates the temperature of air. Specific moisture extraction rate (SMER) of the designed MSD is obtained by specific energy consumption (SEC;Lakshmi et al, 2021).…”

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confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation and economic analysis of modified solar dryer with thermal energy storage for drying of blood fruit ( Haematocarpus validus )

Kondareddy

Sivakumaran

Krishnan

et al. 2021

J. Food Process. Preserv.

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Abbreviations: h c , convective heat transfer coefficient (W/m 2 K); C pb , cost payback period per year; C sa , cost saved per day per year; C sp , extra cost spends per year; C v , air volume heat capacity (J/kg K); EN pb , Environmental payback period per day; E cd , energy consumed per day; Em CO 2 , CO 2 Emitted per day; E pb , energy payback period per day; E sav , energy saved per day; Re CO 2 , CO 2 restricted per day; A, area (m 2 ); Ex, exergy (kw); F, mass flow rate of dry air (kg/s); H, humidity (%); IMC, initial moisture content; M, moisture content; MR, moisture ratio (%); N, total number of values; PCM, phase changing material; PV, photo voltaic; T, temperature (°C); W, weight (g); a, ambient; avg, average; b, base plate; ca, circulating air; d, dryer chamber; e, experimental value; eff, Efficiency; f , dry air; g1, glaze glass (upper glass); g2, glaze glass (inner glass); in, inner; out, outer; p, primary collector; p ′ , product drying; pre, predicted value; pw, paraffin wax; s, simulation value; su, storage unit; wet, wet sample; , length of collector m; , thickness m; , density of dry air kg/m 2 .

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“…Lakshmi DVN, Muthukumar P &Nayak PK (2020) [3]This study looks at the performance of two active horizontal solar dryers, the blended mode (case I) and the indirect solar dryer (case II), both of which are used in a latent heat energy storage system to dry piper nigrum (black pepper).The moisture removal time in both case scenarios was 14 and 23 hours, respectively, to meet the target water content of 0.14 (d.b.) by 3.46.…”

Section: Figure 1 Solar Dryermentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Warming Efficiency of Greenhouse Solar Dryer with Four Distinct Design Implementations

Bhushan¹,

Murchikar²

2021

IJOSCIENCE

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Drying is a technique for transferring warmth from a source to a product while also removing moisture from the product in a limited space. When using sun drying, the heat required for drying is primarily provided by solar energy. In this paper we have discussed about the fundamentals of different types of green house solar dryer, and to develop new design of solar dryer that would maximize warming efficiency. The main goal of this research is to run a computational fluid dynamics analysis on a previous model to analyze the influence of the highest warming within the greenhouse solar dryer.

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Experimental investigations on active solar dryers integrated with thermal storage for drying of black pepper

Cited by 77 publications

References 29 publications

Influence of pre‐treatments on the degradation kinetics of chlorophylls in morisa xak (Amaranthus caudatus) leaves after microwave drying

Influence of pre‐treatments on the degradation kinetics of chlorophylls in morisa xak (Amaranthus caudatus) leaves after microwave drying

Performance evaluation and economic analysis of modified solar dryer with thermal energy storage for drying of blood fruit ( Haematocarpus validus )

Comparison of Warming Efficiency of Greenhouse Solar Dryer with Four Distinct Design Implementations

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