Experimental investigations on thermal effects of a long-pulse alexandrite laser on blood vessels and its comparison with pulsed dye and Nd:YAG lasers

Li, D; Zhang, H; Chen, B; Zhao, Yuan; Wu, Wenjuan; Yuan, Yiping; Ying, Zhou

doi:10.1007/s10103-020-02981-9

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The femtosecond laser has a wavelength of 1,053 nm and an excellent piercing ability. It penetrates the cornea and lens, but it may also affect deeper tissues such as the iris and retina, resulting in thermal and photochemical damage as well as vasoconstriction (8,15). In particular, the thermal effect caused porcine iris pigment detachment and increased the iris temperature by 1-2 • C (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative changes in iris and retinal blood flow after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis and small-incision lenticule extraction

et al. 2022

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PurposeTo investigate the quantitative changes in iris and retinal blood flow indices after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).MethodsSeventy-nine patients who underwent FS-LASIK or SMILE were enrolled between July 2020 and September 2020. Participants were followed-up 1 day pre-operatively and 1 week, 1 month, 3 months post-operatively. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used to acquire and quantify the iris and retinal blood flow indices.ResultsThe iris vessel area density (VAD) and vessel skeleton density (VSD) decreased on post-operative day 1 but recovered on day 7. In both cases, the pupil diameter was positively associated with the post-operative iris blood flow indices (p = 0.0013, p = 0.0002). The retinal VAD and VSD in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses decreased after surgery and failed to recover after 90 days. The SMILE group showed significantly lower iris and retinal blood flow indices than the FS-LASIK group. For both procedures, axial length (p = 0.0345, p = 0.0499), spherical equivalence (p = 0.0063, p = 0.0070), and suction duration (p = 0.0025, p = 0.0130) were negatively correlated with the post-operative VAD and VSD.ConclusionsThe SMILE and FS-LASIK procedures induced a short-term decrease in the iris and retinal blood flow indices, although patients finally showed full visual recovery. This phenomenon should be carefully considered, especially in patients prone to anterior segment lesions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative changes in iris and retinal blood flow after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis and small-incision lenticule extraction

et al. 2022

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“…24 Recent studies have shown that it has shown good safety and effectiveness in the treatment of IH. 25,26 YAG laser can also be used to treat relatively thick or deep hemangioma, 27 but its treatment range is narrow, its operation is not easy to control, it is easy to damage the deep dermal tissue and form scars. Therefore, for thicker superficial IH, the 755nm long pulse alexandrite laser may be a more ideal choice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequelae After Involution of Superficial Infantile Hemangioma: Early Intervention with 595-nm Pulsed Laser Combined with 755-nm Long-Pulsed Alexandrite Laser versus Wait-and-See

Jiang¹,

Xu²,

Fang³

et al. 2021

CCID

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“…[6][7][8] Recently, there is growing interest in treating vascular lesions, in particular, deeper vessels with the alexandrite laser because it is relatively well-absorbed by deoxyhemoglobin and can penetrate deeper into the dermis than the PDL. [9][10][11][12][13] However, until now, the evidence on the effectiveness of alexandrite laser for rosacea is sparse. In the only available randomized clinical trial to date from Kim et al, the authors reported the effect of a dualwavelength alexandrite/Nd:YAG was comparable with PDL for the treatment of rosacea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alexandrite laser is widely used for pigmented skin lesions and hair removal because of its absorption characteristics within the melanin spectrum 6–8 . Recently, there is growing interest in treating vascular lesions, in particular, deeper vessels with the alexandrite laser because it is relatively well‐absorbed by deoxyhemoglobin and can penetrate deeper into the dermis than the PDL 9–13 . However, until now, the evidence on the effectiveness of alexandrite laser for rosacea is sparse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized split‐face comparative study of long‐pulsed alexandrite plus low‐fluence Nd:YAG laser versus pulsed‐dye laser in the treatment of rosacea

et al. 2022

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Objectives To compare the effectiveness of long‐pulsed alexandrite laser (LPAL) with that of pulsed‐dye laser (PDL) for rosacea. Methods This was a single‐blind randomized controlled trial on 27 patients who were clinically diagnosed with rosacea. Randomly assigned split face in each patient received four times monthly treatment of LPAL plus low‐fluence Nd:YAG with the contralateral side serving as the control treated with PDL. At every visit, the erythema index (EI) was measured with skin analysis systems, and two independent dermatologists evaluated digital photographs for five‐point global aesthetic improvement scale (GAIS). Results The EI significantly decreased on both treated sides (LPAL 366.5 ± 101.0 vs. 295.8 ± 90.2, p < 0.001, PDL 369.0 ± 124.3 vs. 302.7 ± 92.1, p < 0.001) 1 month after fourth treatment (visit 5). Also 3 months after the fourth treatment (visit 6), the reduction in the EI was well maintained on both sides (LPAL 360.3 ± 96.8 vs. 282.0 ± 89.2, p < 0.001, PDL 364.3 ± 121.6 vs. 281.6 ± 97.8, p < 0.001). When comparing the improvement in the EI between the two groups, the percentage reduction in the EI on the LPAL‐treated side was not inferior to the PDL‐treated side (visit 5: LPAL 18.7 ± 15.7% vs. PDL 16.4 ± 12.9%, p = 0.501 and visit 6: LPAL 21.7 ± 13.9% vs. PDL 21.9 ± 15.2%, p = 0.943). The GAIS and patient satisfaction were comparable between the LPAL and PDL sides and did not show any significant difference. No serious adverse events occurred on either of the treated sides. Conclusion This study showed that the decrease in EI in the treatment of rosacea was comparable between PDL and LPAL. Therefore, LPAL could be a promising alternative treatment option with good merits for rosacea, considering no consumables are required for device maintenance.

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Experimental investigations on thermal effects of a long-pulse alexandrite laser on blood vessels and its comparison with pulsed dye and Nd:YAG lasers

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Quantitative changes in iris and retinal blood flow after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis and small-incision lenticule extraction

Quantitative changes in iris and retinal blood flow after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis and small-incision lenticule extraction

Sequelae After Involution of Superficial Infantile Hemangioma: Early Intervention with 595-nm Pulsed Laser Combined with 755-nm Long-Pulsed Alexandrite Laser versus Wait-and-See

A randomized split‐face comparative study of long‐pulsed alexandrite plus low‐fluence Nd:YAG laser versus pulsed‐dye laser in the treatment of rosacea

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