Experimental results illustrating performance limitations and design tradeoffs in probe-fed microstrip-patch element phased arrays

Hanfling, J.

doi:10.1109/aps.1986.1149789

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Soon, an avalanche of papers and books followed on microstrip antennas, which by the 1980s was reaching maturity and has been continually developed in the antenna field for over half a century. Compared with the many papers on singleended microstrip antennas, there were few papers on differential microstrip antennas in the 1980s [58] - [62], despite the latter having clearly shown advantage in suppressing higher-order modes, reducing cross-polarized radiation, removing pattern distortion, and producing an improved axial ratio for circular polarization.…”

Section: Microstrip Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Antennas: Fundamentals and Applications

Zhang

2023

Electromag. Sci.

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Driven by the great demand for highly integrated wireless system-on-chip and system-in-package devices, there has recently been increasing interest in the research and development of differential antennas. Many studies on the design, analysis, and measurement of differential antennas have been published. This paper presents an overview of the fundamentals and applications of differential antennas. First, it compares differential to balanced and single-ended to unbalanced antennas and explains why the new terms (differential and single-ended antennas) should be adopted instead of the old terms (balanced and unbalanced antennas). Second, it addresses the quantitative relationship between a differential antenna and its single-ended counterpart, which is important and useful because the properties of either the differential or single-ended antenna can be determined from the other with a known solution. Third, it describes how differential antennas can be measured, with a special emphasis on the balun method. Fourth, it classifies differential antennas into wire, slot, microstrip, printed, and dielectric resonator antennas to better present their suitability and functionality. Fifth, it provides application examples of differential antennas from simple discrete wire to sophisticated microstrip designs. Finally, it is argued that the old paradigms of lower gains and bulkier sizes of differential antennas as compared to single-ended antennas do not always hold true; for instance, differential microstrip patch antennas can possess comparable or even smaller sizes and higher gain values than single-ended microstrip patch antennas.

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Section: Microstrip Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Antennas: Fundamentals and Applications

Zhang

2023

Electromag. Sci.

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“…Square patch antennas also excite higher-order modes, which contaminate the cross-polarization when values are less than −30 dB. To improve cross-polarization isolation, a microstrip patch antenna was fed with a balanced network [15], [16]. A power divider that provides the same magnitude for each excited feed position with a 180 • phase shift improves the crosspolarization levels to less than −30 dB.…”

Section: Antenna Design Trade-offsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the beam scans, resonance anomalies appear if the feeding structure is not well isolated. In [15], scanning was improved by implementing a Wilkinson power divider for the differential feeding. Scanning performances shown in the probe-fed antennas in [26] have a range of ±35 • .…”

Section: Antenna Array Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Cost CMOS Active Array Solution for Highly Dense X-Band Weather Radar Network

Ortiz

Salazar-Cerreño

Diaz

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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This article presents the development of a CMOS active array antenna unit cell as a potential solution for a highly dense, low-altitude short-coverage phased array X-band radar network system. The antenna uses a cross-patch differential feed structure designed in a stacked configuration for bandwidth and cross-polarization enhancement. To overcome the limitations of current CMOS RF performance, a mirroring technique was applied at the element and subarray level. A 16-element array (4×4 elements), integrated with CMOS T/R modules in a tileable architecture, was developed and characterized. Measured results demonstrate that this proposed array offers cross-polarization levels less than −32 dB across the scanning range of ±45 • in the principal planes for dual-polarized alternate transmit and alternate receive (ATAR) phased array weather radar. Index Terms-Active phased array antenna, balanced feeding, dual-polarized, dual-polarized weather radar, low-profile phased array, microstrip antenna array, mirrored feed network, near field calibration, probe-fed, T/R modules. I. INTRODUCTION D URING the last decade, interest in using rapid scanning radars for weather observation has significantly increased among meteorologists and radar engineers. Faster update radars (less than 1 min) are desirable for monitoring largescale, fast-moving storm events, especially for the study of tornado evolutions [1]. With such agile capabilities, a single radar platform using phased array radars (PARs) offers multibeam features that can be applied to many applications, such as air traffic control and weather observation. PARs are also scalable, reconfigurable, more reliable, and offer potential solutions for reducing the operation and maintenance costs of radar systems [1], [2]. One of the limitations of current weather radar network systems is blockage due to Earth's curvature, which obstructs Manuscript

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Wide Band Monopole Antenna by Modified Ground of Coplanar Waveguide

Lee¹

2011

The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineer

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-The printed wide band monopole antenna having characteristics of dipole by modified coplanar wave guide(CPW) ground plane is presented. We are called a slot-arm printed monopole antenna and investigated the effect of the surface currents of the radiator on ground plane. The proposed antenna is treated as two asymmetric dipoles with the included angle of 90 o degrees which lie along Z-direction symmetrically. It is observed that the effect of the surface currents on the radiation patterns is similar to that of the corresponding dipole. The length and width of the ground plane correspond the radius and length of the dipole respectively. This approach is also valid to general printed monopole antennas. The simulation impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna the range of 2.4 to 4. 그림 1 제안된 안테나의 설계 구조 Fig. 1 Structure of proposed antenna.

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Experimental results illustrating performance limitations and design tradeoffs in probe-fed microstrip-patch element phased arrays

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Differential Antennas: Fundamentals and Applications

Differential Antennas: Fundamentals and Applications

Low-Cost CMOS Active Array Solution for Highly Dense X-Band Weather Radar Network

Wide Band Monopole Antenna by Modified Ground of Coplanar Waveguide

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