Experimental setup for probing electron-induced chemistry in liquid micro-jets

Abstract

We present an experimental setup for probing chemical changes in liquids induced by electron collisions. The setup utilizes a custom-designed electron gun that irradiates a liquid microjet with an electron beam of tunable energy. Products of the electron-induced reactions are analyzed ex-situ. The microjet system enables re-circulation of the liquid and thus multiple irradiation of the same sample. As a proof-of-principle experiment, an aqueous solution of TRIS (2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol) was irradiated by 300 eV electron beam. Optical UV–VIS analysis shows that the electron impact on the liquid surface leads to the production of OH radicals in the solution which are efficiently scavenged by TRIS.

Condensed Matter Systems Exposed to Radiation: Multiscale Theory, Simulations, and Experiment

“…Direct measurements of secondary yields in a liquid medium, needed to validate MM of biological systems, have proven equally challenging due to difficulties in performing scattering experiments with many liquids in a vacuum, so there has been only a very limited amount of experimental work on secondary electron emission from liquids using environmental SEMs. , However, these measurements are limited to high-energy electrons (>5 keV), and experiments with low-energy electrons are still needed. New experiments using liquid microjets − are to be recommended.…”

“…Within the condensed-matter field, the liquid phase remains the least studied, and the transition of physical and chemical properties across the phases requires characterization. The development of new experimental systems to create liquid jets, in which one or more species may be present and can be probed by the spectroscopic methods described in sections and , is expected to open a new era in the study of molecules in the liquid state, including probing electron and ion collisions in this phase. ,, New experimental methods for studying time-resolved radiation chemistry, discussed in section , are being developed to validate nonequilibrium chemistry and molecular transformations (see stage 3 in Figure ). Through such techniques, the spectroscopy, chemical reactivity, and the role of transient species in many irradiation processes may be quantified and MM models validated. A large area of research concerns studies of various processes in biological systems under irradiation conditions.…”

“…Experimental studies are being conducted for isolated aerosols, liquid droplets, and liquid jets − , using acoustic , and optical levitation systems. Within the condensed-matter field, the liquid phase remains the least studied, and the transition of physical and chemical properties across the phases requires characterization.…”

“…The development of new experimental systems to create liquid jets, in which one or more species may be present and can be probed by the spectroscopic methods described in sections 5.2 and 5.2.1, is expected to open a new era in the study of molecules in the liquid state, including probing electron and ion collisions in this phase 481,482,916. (iii) New experimental methods for studying time-resolved radiation chemistry, discussed in section 5.2.3, are being developed to validate nonequilibrium chemistry and molecular transformations (see stage 3 in Figure…”

Interaction of low-energy electrons with radiosensitizers

“…However, the experiments must be perfromed with care about the the LEE-induced chemistry of buffer components to avoid misinterpretations. 101,265,266…”