Experimental statistic design applied for obtaining Zn:xCe by microwave-assisted hydrothermal method with photocatalytic property

Abstract

Abstract:In this study, the nanostructures of pure ZnO and ZnO:xCe 3+ were prepared using statistic design-factorial design 3 (31) -3-level and mixed-level factorials and fractional with replicates in the central point, totaling 11 experiments. The experiments were performed using the microwave-assisted hydrothermal (MAH) method with Ce 3+ concentration of 2 and 4 mol% at 60, 110, and 160 ℃ for 10, 20, and 30 min. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical diffuse reflectance were used to characterize the products. The fractional factorial design indicated the optimal design area, and the studies were continued by ridge analysis. The analysis of variance (ANOVA), the Pareto, and the model adjusted to the conditions proposed in this study due to the determination coefficient of 99.9%, variance (R²), and response surface generated were satisfactory, thus having an optimization in the process of obtaining ZnO doped with Ce.

Uso Da Água Dos Aparelhos De Ar Condicionado No Campus Paralela Do Centro Universitário Jorge Amado – Unijorge

“…Logo, a etapa de plainagem gerou uma quantidade residual de 0,004 m³ de pó de serragem, este, é depositado no interior da empresa no próprio espaço físico junto às máquinas e as aparas são depositadas em tambores de alumínio de capacidade 250 kg, também dentro do espaço físico da empresa (Figura 11). , 2011) and (Gomes et al, 2016) and ( . 2011) and (KUMARI et al, 2014).…”

Utilização Da Água Da Máquina De Lavar Roupa Para Irrigação De Grama

“…Indicou também que outros resíduos são produzidos: cavacos (0,004 m³), e aparas (0,005 m³). Na etapa de plainagem, os resultados indicaram a produção de pó de serragem (0,003 m³ (Gomes et al, 2016) and (Jung et localized points, increasing local temperature and pressure in a short time interval. This synthesis (sonochemical method) irradiation was employed by using a high intensity ultrasonic, the mixture transferred to a collecting cup which was adapted to be used in the sonochemical, the prepared colloidal suspensions will be processed in a cavitational ultrasonic waveform by the formation and collapse of microbubbles, these generated cavitations are responsible by the observed chemical effects and are produced by the subjection of a liquid to the ultrasonic energy that can oscillate between stable or unstable and are mostly responsible for the effects on the chemical reactions by (NOVAKOVIĆ et al, 2008) and (ÖZDEMIR et al, 2011) In this work we report the study of conjugate novel nano-photocatalysts based on ZnO/CQDs In order to ensure a physical and chemical stability, have groups chemical functionalities, with hydroxyl groups (-OH) and amino (-NH 2 ), carbons (-C 2 ) to investigate the possibility of increase the efficiency of the same with and potential substitutes for traditional photocatalysts (YANG, YUNHUA, et al, 2012).…”

Study on the Electronic Structure and Enhanced Photoelectrocatalytic Performance of RuxZn1-xO/Ti Electrodes

“…However, the high recombination rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and oversized band gap have significantly limited its application. Hence, how to reduce the recombination rate and enlarge the light-absorption area have received much attention [11,12].…”