Experimental studies of laser borided low alloy steel and optimization of parameters using response surface methodology

Sashank, S. Sravan; Бабу, П. Динеш; Marimuthu, P.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.02.036

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…On all three XRD spectra, the peak from Fe was the most intense, which indicates its highest content. In papers [ 4 , 11 , 15 , 20 ], the authors confirmed peaks from simple and complex phases corresponding to iron borides and molybdenum borides. These phases were consistent with the B-Mo-Fe ternary equilibrium diagram [ 24 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In modern and high-performance processing technologies different laser types with various beam powers are used. Laser technology enables among others: hardening [ 8 , 9 ], remelting [ 5 , 6 , 7 ] or alloying with different elements and phases [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not only is laser melting of the boronized layer possible, but also laser alloying of the surface with boron. In [ 15 ], the boronized layer was produced on EN25 steel by laser boriding. As a result of this process, a eutectic microstructure in the melted zone consisting of iron borides and martensite with a hardness of 1170–1315 HV0.5 was obtained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure, Microhardness, Corrosion Resistance and Chemical Composition of Mo, B and Mo-B Coatings Produced Using Laser Processing

et al. 2020

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The paper presents study results of laser alloying of CT90 tool steel with an applied pre-coat of boron, molybdenum or a mixture of these elements. Pre-coats were applied on steel substrates in the form of a paste. The aim of the study was to investigate the microstructure, chemical and phase composition, microhardness and corrosion resistance of these newly-formed coatings. The laser alloying process was carried out using a diode laser with a nominal power of 3 kW. In this study a laser beam power of 900 W and a scanning speed of 48 mm/s were used. As a result of the laser beam action, the presence of three areas was observed in cross-sections of specimens: a remelted zone, a heat affected zone and the substrate. The properties of coatings enriched with both molybdenum and boron were better than those of the steel substrate, but only the use of a Mo-B mixture resulted in a significant improvement in microhardness and corrosion resistance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure, Microhardness, Corrosion Resistance and Chemical Composition of Mo, B and Mo-B Coatings Produced Using Laser Processing

et al. 2020

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“…Alternative technologies for producing the boride coatings, which have none of the inherent disadvantages of the CTT (process time, low productivity, the need to heat the entire workpiece, deformation and warping, the need for expensive equipment, etc. ), are the boriding methods using concentrated energy fluxes (CEFs) [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. In [ 21 ], a method is proposed for electroerosive boriding including applying a boron-containing surface coating by an electrode made in the form of a rod blown with a cooler.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Technological Capabilities for Forming Al-C-B System Coatings on Steel Surfaces by Electrospark Alloying Method

et al. 2021

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In this paper, the possibility of applying the electrospark alloying (ESA) method to obtain boron-containing coatings characterised by increased hardness and wear resistance is considered. A new method for producing such coatings is proposed. The method consists in applying grease containing aluminium powder and amorphous boron to the surface to be treated and subsequently processing the obtained surface using the ESA method by a graphite electrode. The microstructural analysis of the Al-C-B coatings on steel C40 showed that the surface layer consists of several zones, the number and parameters of which are determined by the energy conditions of the ESA process. Durametric studies showed that with an increase in the discharge energy influence, the microhardness values of both the upper strengthened layer and the diffusion zone increased to Wp = 0.13 J, Hµ = 6487 MPa, and Wp = 4.9 J, Hµ = 12350 MPa, respectively. The results of X-ray diffraction analysis indicate that at the discharge energies of 0.13 and 0.55 J, the phase composition of the coating is represented by solid solutions of body-centred cubic lattice (BCC) and face-centred cubic lattice (FCC). The coatings obtained at Wp = 4.9 J were characterised by the presence of intermetallics Fe4Al13 and borocementite Fe3 (CB) in addition to the solid solutions. The X-ray spectral analysis of the obtained coatings indicated that during the electrospark alloying process, the surface layers were saturated with aluminium, boron, and carbon. With increasing discharge energy, the diffusion zone increases; during the ESA process with the use of the discharge energy of 0.13 J for steel C40, the diffusion zone is 10–15 μm. When replacing a substrate made of steel C40 with the same one material but of steel C22, an increase in the thickness of the surface layer accompanied by a slight decrease in microhardness is observed as a result of processing with the use of the ESA method. There were simulated phase portraits of the Al-C-B coatings. It is shown that near the stationary points in the phase portraits, one can see either a slowing down of the evolution or a spiral twisting of the diffusion-process particle.

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“…Tests in dry sand/rubber wheel conditions showed that the abrasive wear of Fe 50 Mn 30 Co 10 Cr 10 was reduced by up to 30% compared to the material without laser treatment [ 22 ]. The results of EN25 steel tests showed that laser boriding increases corrosion resistance and causes uniform corrosion of the surface of the test sample, which results from the formation of iron borides during laser processing [ 20 , 22 ]. However, some authors indicate that replacing diffusion drilling in the case of elements requiring high fatigue strength by laser drilling is not recommended [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of Tribological Processes in Friction Pairs with Laser Borided Elements Lubricated with Engine Oils

et al. 2020

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The present study discusses the influence of engine oils on the tribological parameters of sliding couples with laser borided surface layer. The borided layer was formed on specimens made from AISI 5045 steel by laser remelting of a surface layer coated with amorphous boron. The sliding friction and wear process was carried out on the pairs with AISI 5045 steel and SAE-48 bearing alloys which were lubricated with 5W-40 and 15W-40 engine oils. The investigation showed significant differences in the friction coefficient and temperature in the tested pairs with the laser borided surface layer. In the couples lubricated with 5W-40 engine oil, the tested parameter of friction was higher than in the couples lubricated with 15W-40 engine oil. The couples lubricated with 5W-40 engine oil showed more intensive wear of SAE-48 bearing alloy in contact with the laser borided surface layer than the pairs lubricated with 15W-40 engine oil. The laser borided surface layer used in friction pairs leads to the destruction of the lubricating properties of engine oils and reduces its resistance to scuffing.

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Experimental studies of laser borided low alloy steel and optimization of parameters using response surface methodology

Cited by 24 publications

References 21 publications

Microstructure, Microhardness, Corrosion Resistance and Chemical Composition of Mo, B and Mo-B Coatings Produced Using Laser Processing

Microstructure, Microhardness, Corrosion Resistance and Chemical Composition of Mo, B and Mo-B Coatings Produced Using Laser Processing

Assessment of Technological Capabilities for Forming Al-C-B System Coatings on Steel Surfaces by Electrospark Alloying Method

Experimental Analysis of Tribological Processes in Friction Pairs with Laser Borided Elements Lubricated with Engine Oils

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