Experimental study and optimization of the extraction of Algerian date stones oil (Phoenix dactylifera L.) using supercritical carbon dioxide

Abstract

An experimental extraction of Algerian date stones oil was carried out using supercritical carbon dioxide. Response surface methodology was used to investigate the effect of pressure (150–250 bar), temperature (313–333 K) and particles diameter (0.3–0.9 mm) on the extraction yield. The comparison of the predicted results with the experimental values confirmed the reliability of this technique. The optimum yield value was determined around 14.26% and was obtained at a pressure of 250 bar, a temperature of 333 K and particles diameter of 0.3 mm. the conventional solvent extraction using Soxhlet apparatus shows that the oil content of the date stones sample was about 16.22%. The fatty acids composition was determined using GC‐FID analysis, showing that the oleic acid was the major compound present in this oil. Practical applications Locally date stones are an abundant waste product of date processing industries which are rich in many valuables substances such as carbohydrates, oil, dietary fibers, vitamins, proteins, bioactive polyphenols and natural antioxidants, making them an attractive source for the extraction of bioactive compounds because of their low cost and high nutrient content. They can be used in many applications like the production of caffeine‐free coffee, food products formulation, cosmetics, and functional and medicinal supplements. They are a by‐product that can be easily collected and recycled in an economic and sustainable way. Also date stones oil is a great source of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid acids which have several good human health benefits. The use of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of date stones oil can be regarded as a great opportunity to develop the production of high quality date stones oil and exploit all the mentioned important properties.

Date Seeds: A Promising Source of Oil with Functional Properties

“…However, Takadas and Doker [68] showed that when the temperature is increased, the vapor pressure is increased as well, leading to a decrease in the density of CO 2 , which could decrease the oil yield. In another study done by Mehdi et al [75] on Algerian date seed oil extracted using the SC-CO 2 method, the effects of the different parameters (pressure, temperature, and particle size) on the extraction yield, as well as the fatty acid profile, were investigated. The results revealed that the pressure and the interaction between the pressure and temperature had a significant positive effect on the extraction yield of date seed oil.…”

Extraction and Characterization of Flaxseed Oil Obtained with Subcritical <i>n</i>-Butane

“…Our studies suggested that extraction temperature had a dual influence on the flaxseed oil yield during the SBE process. More specifically, on the one hand, the elevation of extraction temperature increased the rate of mass transfer 26 and elevated the solubility of the solute 27 , causing the improvement of extraction efficiency. On the other hand, the increase of temperatures reduced the density of extraction solvent and thus a reduction of dissolving capacity for oil 28 .…”

Poly(ethyl acrylate-co-methyl Methacrylate-co-trimethylammoniethyl methacrylate chloride) (Eudragit RS100) Nanocapsules as Nanovector Carriers for Phoenix dactylifera L. Seeds Oil: a Versatile Antidiabetic Agent

“…In addition, recent studies have put into evidence the antidiabetic potential of date seeds extract. ,, To the best of our knowledge, the date seeds oil (DS oil) has never been investigated for antidiabetic activity. Recently, we have carried out the extraction of date seeds oil by supercritical carbon dioxide as an alternative to organic solvent extraction processes . Indeed, Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) is an innovative, clean, and environmentally friendly technique that has gained high concern over the traditional or conventional extraction ways like steam-distillation and solvent extraction due to the use of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), an inert, nontoxic, nonflammable, and volatile solvent .…”