Experimental Study of High Performance Synchronous Grouting Materials Prepared with Clay

Abstract

Shield construction discharges a large amount of soil and muck. The utilization of discharged soil of shield always has high energy consumption and a low utilization rate. Meanwhile, synchronous grouting is a key process for shield tunneling. The current studies show that the synchronous grouting materials applied now generally have the problem of mismatching among filling property, fluidity, and consolidation strength. In order to study the feasibility of using the excavated soil produced by shield construction in clay stratum as synchronous grouting material, high performance synchronous grouting material was studied by taking red clay as an example, modified by epoxy resin. The fluidity, stability, and strength were measured to evaluate performance of the grout. Material test results show that the addition of waterborne epoxy resin decreases density, improves the stability, the rate of stone, and the toughness of the grouting concretion. Finally, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were measured to analyze the cementitious mechanism of the grout, test results demonstrated that cement hydration and curing reaction of epoxy resin happened in the grout, the formed polymer film filled the voids in the mixture and effectively bound cement hydration gel and clay particles together.

High-Volume Upcycling of Waste Sediment and Enhancement Mechanisms in Blended Grouting Material

“…e reaction between OPC and steel slag is based on breaking Si-O, Al-O, and Ca-O bonds inside vitreous steel slag by OH-ions, which leads to the formation of CSH-like products [25]. When calcium hydroxide is consumed in this reaction, the durability and compressive strength of hardened sample are enhanced [28,55]. is is the mechanism by which steel slag improves the mechanical properties in the OPC-steel slag-waste sediment system.…”

“…Waste sediment has been used instead of water and bentonite to prepare the grouting material. It was found that the layering degree and bleeding rate of the synchronous grouting slurry prepared with waste sediment were significantly reduced, which solved the pumping problem occurring during grouting [27,28]. e initial fluidity of the grouting material is about 230 mm, and the 28-day compressive strength is greater than 2.5 MPa, meeting the property requirement in the grouting field [29,30].…”

Pressureless Immersion of Epoxy Resin-Filled Cracks in Faulted Rock Materials

“…Five commercially available epoxy resin grouting materials were selected for evaluation, as specified in Table 1. The epoxy grouting material is required to penetrate into the rock body to enhance its hardness, thus necessitating a penetration depth test [23][24][25][26]. Due to the loose nature of the rock bodies in faults F2 and F3, they tend to disperse when soaked in water.…”

Study on macro performance and micro-analysis of high strength grouting material

“…Further, bentonite caused the increased viscosity and the decreased fluidity of grouts. Cui et al [15] studied that the addition of waterborne epoxy resin can improve the fluidity and reduce the density of the grouts.…”