Experimental Study of Oblique Pedestrian Streams

Sun, Lishan; Gong, Qingsheng; Hao, Siyuan; Wang, Chao; Chen, Yanyan

doi:10.7307/ptt.v30i2.2344

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with previous studies on merging intersections, where a reduced pedestrian flow rate for higher merging angles was observed [8,26]. However, in a study with oblique pedestrian streams [41], it was observed that a lower intersecting angle does not necessarily have better flow transition compared to a higher intersecting angle and that it depends on the pedestrian volumes in the intersecting streams. However, the experiment was conducted only with normal walking speed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Despite this contradictory finding, it is to be noted that, in high density crowds and long intersecting blocked vision corridors, participants may not be able to anticipate the flow and speed at which the participants will enter the junction, which may influence the regulation of flow at the junction. Further, a study has shown differing performance of intersecting angles with different volumes of crossing pedestrians with un-blocked vision [41]. Therefore, in future, it is suggested to conduct additional experiments with different flow ratios (rather than two nearly equal flows), longer corridors, and different volumes of participants to further investigate the effect of blocked and un-blocked vision conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the effect of experimental setup in terms of blocked vision and un-blocked vision due to walls have not been examined for intersecting flows, although it has been shown to be important for merging scenarios [8,26]. The most recent study on intersecting pedestrian flow was an experiment carried out by Sun et al [41]. The aim of their experiment was to examine the characteristics of oblique pedestrian streams.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of Intersecting Angle on Pedestrian Crowd Flow under Normal and Evacuation Conditions

2020

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Complex pedestrian or passenger crowd movements, such as intersecting movements, can create a bottleneck resulting in delays during emergency escape from public infrastructure such as major public transport hubs. Limited studies have examined the effect of different intersecting angles and walking speeds on pedestrian outflow. This study aims to systematically investigate the effect of different intersecting angles (30 • , 90 • , and 150 • ) and walking speeds (normal walking, faster walking) on pedestrian outflow at an intersecting path or junction through controlled laboratory experiments. Further, we consider both blocked vision and un-blocked vision in our experiments. The results from our experiments show that the acute angle of 30 • has a higher flow rate and less evacuation time as compared to the other angles. The obtuse intersecting angle of 150 • was the most undesirable intersecting angle in terms of outflow, evacuation time, and delays at the junction. Faster walking generally led to reduced evacuation time as compared to normal walking. It is also interesting to note that the results from both blocked vision and un-blocked vision were not statistically significant, suggesting that line of sight was not an important factor in regulating the flow at the junction. The results from our findings are a valuable resource to verify the mathematical model intended to simulate pedestrian or passenger crowd movements and behavior within major public infrastructure under both normal and evacuation conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Intersecting Angle on Pedestrian Crowd Flow under Normal and Evacuation Conditions

2020

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“…The characteristics of oblique pedestrian streams were studied by Sun et al [37] quantitatively and qualitatively by varying the pedestrian volume levels and intersecting angles. A total of five intersection angles, i.e., 30 • , 60 • , 90 • , 120 • , and 150 • , were considered in this study and showed that, for low flow rates, 30 • was more efficient compared to the other angles.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crowd Evacuation through Crossing Configurations: Effect of Crossing Angles and Walking Speeds on Speed Variation and Evacuation Time

et al. 2022

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The design of safe and efficient pedestrian facilities necessitates the knowledge of complex human movements, such as intersecting pedestrian streams, under different conditions. This study aims to experimentally investigate the impact of intersecting angles on collective crowd dynamics under two different urgency levels. Data were collected from a controlled laboratory experiment with scenarios consisting of three intersection angles (30°, 90°, and 150°) and two desired speed levels (normal walking and slow running). Trajectory data of individual experiment participants were extracted from the recorded video footage. The results indicate that the 30° intersection has the lowest bottleneck effect compared to the other angles. Moreover, the time-to-target analysis shows that the 150° intersection has a higher waiting time at the intersection compared to the other angles for the jogging scenarios. The speed distribution and space utilization maps implied an asymmetrical reduction in speed in the two corridors of the intersection, even though the physical and geometrical configurations are symmetric. The lane-based analysis of collective speeds revealed that the inner lane (the lane that initially encounters the intersecting flow) has the maximum reduction in speed. The outcomes of this study may be useful to evaluate the congestion effects associated with crossing configurations and in calibrating and validating simulation tools to reproduce such effects accurately.

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“…In addition, the placement of obstacle in the middle of the intersection could stabilize the intersecting flows. Sun et al (2017) and Sun et al (2018) further investigated the impact of intersecting angles and obstacle effects on intersecting movements[149,158]. It was found that the effects of angles on flow speed vary at different flow conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A State-of-the-Art Review on Empirical Data Collection for External Governed Pedestrians Complex Movement

Shi

Shiwakoti

et al. 2018

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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Complex movement patterns of pedestrian traffic, ranging from unidirectional to multidirectional flows, are frequently observed in major public infrastructure such as transport hubs. These multidirectional movements can result in increased number of conflicts, thereby influencing the mobility and safety of pedestrian facilities. Therefore, empirical data collection on pedestrians’ complex movement has been on the rise in the past two decades. Although there are several reviews of mathematical simulation models for pedestrian traffic in the existing literature, a detailed review examining the challenges and opportunities on empirical studies on the pedestrians complex movements is limited in the literature. The overall aim of this study is to present a systematic review on the empirical data collection for uni- and multidirectional crowd complex movements. We first categorized the complex movements of pedestrian crowd into two general categories, namely, external governed movements and internal driven movements based on the interactions with the infrastructure and among pedestrians, respectively. Further, considering the hierarchy of movement complexity, we decomposed the externally governed movements of pedestrian traffic into several unique movement patterns including straight line, turning, egress and ingress, opposing, weaving, merging, diverging, and random flows. Analysis of the literature showed that empirical data were highly rich in straight line and egress flow while medium rich in turning, merging, weaving, and opposing flows, but poor in ingress, diverging, and random flows. We put emphasis on the need for the future global collaborative efforts on data sharing for the complex crowd movements.

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Experimental Study of Oblique Pedestrian Streams

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of Intersecting Angle on Pedestrian Crowd Flow under Normal and Evacuation Conditions

Effect of Intersecting Angle on Pedestrian Crowd Flow under Normal and Evacuation Conditions

Crowd Evacuation through Crossing Configurations: Effect of Crossing Angles and Walking Speeds on Speed Variation and Evacuation Time

A State-of-the-Art Review on Empirical Data Collection for External Governed Pedestrians Complex Movement

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