Experimental Study on Effect of Simulated Microgravity on Structural Chromosome Instability of Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

Wei, Liang; Liu, Chuanpeng; Li, Kang; Liu, Yufeng; Shi, Shengjun; Wu, Qiong; Yu, Li

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100595

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The exact reasons for increased CA under simulated μ G have not been fully elucidated to date. Previous studies suggest that the expression of DNA repair genes was decreased in human lymphoblasts grown under simulated μ G [ 58 ], and that CA in human peripheral blood lymphocytes were enhanced by simulated μ G through inhibition of DNA repair [ 59 ]. These results appear to establish correlation between decreased expression of DNA repair genes and CA found in cells exposed to μ G .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Exposure of Cultured Human Lymphoblastic Cells to Simulated Microgravity and Radiation Increases Chromosome Aberrations

Yamanouchi

Rhone

Mao

et al. 2020

Life

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During space travel, humans are continuously exposed to two major environmental stresses, microgravity (μG) and space radiation. One of the fundamental questions is whether the two stressors are interactive. For over half a century, many studies were carried out in space, as well as using devices that simulated μG on the ground to investigate gravity effects on cells and organisms, and we have gained insights into how living organisms respond to μG. However, our knowledge on how to assess and manage human health risks in long-term mission to the Moon or Mars is drastically limited. For example, little information is available on how cells respond to simultaneous exposure to space radiation and μG. In this study, we analyzed the frequencies of chromosome aberrations (CA) in cultured human lymphoblastic TK6 cells exposed to X-ray or carbon ion under the simulated μG conditions. A higher frequency of both simple and complex types of CA were observed in cells exposed to radiation and μG simultaneously compared to CA frequency in cells exposed to radiation only. Our study shows that the dose response data on space radiation obtained at the 1G condition could lead to the underestimation of astronauts’ potential risk for health deterioration, including cancer. This study also emphasizes the importance of obtaining data on the molecular and cellular responses to irradiation under μG conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Exposure of Cultured Human Lymphoblastic Cells to Simulated Microgravity and Radiation Increases Chromosome Aberrations

Yamanouchi

Rhone

Mao

et al. 2020

Life

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“…Rotary wall vessels (RWV) utilize a similar mechanism to the 2D clinostat to imitate the effects of microgravity [ 56 ]. The RWV includes a closed bioreactor in which cells are suspended and exposed to simulated μG [ 25 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ]. A complication of this technique is that suspended cells may experience additional shear forces if air bubbles are present within the bioreactor, or if the bioreactor apparatus is rotated at a faster speed [ 64 , 65 ].…”

Section: Studying Cellular Responses To Altered Gravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechano-Immunomodulation in Space: Mechanisms Involving Microgravity-Induced Changes in T Cells

Dhar

Kaeley

Kanan

et al. 2021

Life

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Of the most prevalent issues surrounding long-term spaceflight, the sustainability of human life and the maintenance of homeostasis in an extreme environment are of utmost concern. It has been observed that the human immune system is dysregulated in space as a result of gravitational unloading at the cellular level, leading to potential complications in astronaut health. A plethora of studies demonstrate intracellular changes that occur due to microgravity; however, these ultimately fall short of identifying the underlying mechanisms and dysfunctions that cause such changes. This comprehensive review covers the changes in human adaptive immunity due to microgravity. Specifically, there is a focus on uncovering the gravisensitive steps in T cell signaling pathways. Changes in gravitational force may lead to interrupted immune signaling cascades at specific junctions, particularly membrane and surface receptor-proximal molecules. Holistically studying the interplay of signaling with morphological changes in cytoskeleton and other cell components may yield answers to what in the T cell specifically experiences the consequences of microgravity. Fully understanding the nature of this problem is essential in order to develop proper countermeasures before long-term space flight is conducted.

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“…This adaptive response occurs via changes of specific functions, such as cell cycle and stress response [4][5][6][7][8], and involves activation of metabolic pathways and of specific gene expression programs [9,10]. Unfortunately, such an adaptive response is not always appropriate and efficient, thus a number of cell damages can accumulate, which are then responsible for the physiopathological conditions observed [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Simulated Microgravity in Neural Stem Cells: Biological Effects and Metabolic Response

Silvano¹,

Miele²,

Valerio³

et al. 2015

J Stem Cell Res Ther

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Experimental Study on Effect of Simulated Microgravity on Structural Chromosome Instability of Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Simultaneous Exposure of Cultured Human Lymphoblastic Cells to Simulated Microgravity and Radiation Increases Chromosome Aberrations

Simultaneous Exposure of Cultured Human Lymphoblastic Cells to Simulated Microgravity and Radiation Increases Chromosome Aberrations

Mechano-Immunomodulation in Space: Mechanisms Involving Microgravity-Induced Changes in T Cells

Consequences of Simulated Microgravity in Neural Stem Cells: Biological Effects and Metabolic Response

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