Experimental study on elderly pedestrians passing through bottlenecks

Ren, Xiangxia; Zhang, Jun; Cao, Shuchao; Song, Weiguo

doi:10.1088/1742-5468/ab4fdf

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These results are plausible and extend the findings of [3][4][5]. If we have to keep larger distances, fewer people can enter the corridor at the same time.…”

Section: Evacuation Timesupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Bottlenecks have been investigated in numerous studies under normal conditions. In three laboratory experiments [3][4][5], the authors find that the flow depends linearly on the corridor width. Ren et al [5] assess the evacuation time of elderly people through a bottleneck from a laboratory experiment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In three laboratory experiments [3][4][5], the authors find that the flow depends linearly on the corridor width. Ren et al [5] assess the evacuation time of elderly people through a bottleneck from a laboratory experiment. They find that the total evacuation time depends piecewise linearly on the exit width.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Distancing with the Optimal Steps Model

Mayr¹,

Köster

2021

Coll Dyn

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With the Covid-19 pandemic, an urgent need has arisen to simulate social distancing. The Optimal Steps Model (OSM) is a pedestrian locomotion model that operationalizes an individual's need for personal space. We present new parameter values for personal space in the OSM to simulate social distancing in the pedestrian dynamics simulator Vadere. Our approach is pragmatic. We consider two use cases: in the first, we demand that a set social distance must never be violated. In the second the social distance can be violated temporarily for less than 10s. For each use case we conduct simulation studies in a typical bottleneck scenario and measure contact times, that is, violations of the social distance rule.We conduct regression analysis to assess how the parameter choice depends on the desired social distance and the corridor width. We find that evacuation time increases linearly with the width of the repulsion potential, which is an analogy to physics modeling the strength of the need for personal space. The evacuation time decreases linearly with larger corridor width. The influence of the corridor width on the evacuation time is smaller than the influence of the range of the repulsion, that is, the need for personal space. If the repulsion is too strong, we observe clogging effects. Our regression formulas enable Vadere users to conduct their own studies without understanding the intricacies of the OSM implementation and without extensive parameter adjustment.

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“…These results are plausible and extend the findings of [3][4][5]. If we have to keep larger distances, fewer people can enter the corridor at the same time.…”

Section: Evacuation Timesupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Distancing with the Optimal Steps Model

Mayr¹,

Köster

2021

Coll Dyn

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“…Pedestrians headway at the entrance of bottlenecks is of particular interest because the time lapse between two consecutive participants can be derived as flow J 16 . A linear relation between flow rate and bottleneck width for different passage width w and populations is reported [17][18][19] .…”

Section: Current Researchmentioning

confidence: 97%

Together Apart: Increased Crowd Heterogeneity Influences Crowd Dynamics and Interpersonal Distance at Bottlenecks

Geoerg

Schumann

Boltes

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Despite considerable research efforts, most controlled empirical studies on crowd movement usually rely on homogeneous crowds, i.e., research participants are typically young adults without disabilities. Consequently, little is known about pedestrian movement in more diverse and heterogeneous crowd conditions, e.g., when persons with reduced mobility are present. This gap may be particularly relevant at bottlenecks, along the path of a moving crowd that limit the capacity of pedestrian flow. Here, we present results from 12 studies in which participants (total N = 252) with and without visible disabilities moved together in a crowd. In each study, groups of participants walked together in a hallway with a bottleneck at the end. The point of speed adoption, distances between neighbours, and behavioural activities were analysed. We found (1) that participants with disabilities reduced their speed further away from the bottleneck than participants without disabilities; (2) participants without disabilities stayed closer to neighbors with disabilities than to neighbors without disabilities; and (3) participants interacted and communicated with each other to organise in front of the bottleneck. These results underline the importance of studying representative and heterogeneous samples in crowd dynamics. We also argue that more interdisciplinary research is needed to better understand the dynamics of interactions between neighbors in a crowd. A more nuanced understanding of pedestrian dynamics holds the promise of improving the validity of simulation tools such as movement and evacuation models.

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“…However, most of the previous studies focused on the young adults with single composition considering the operability of the control experiments. Only few works were made to consider the influence of elderly pedestrians and crowd compositions on pedestrian dynamics [4,5]. The movement properties of elderly pedestrians through bottlenecks are seldom investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement Properties of Elderly Pedestrians in the Bottleneck Flow With Different Compositions

2022

Self Cite

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With the development of aging society, the proportion of the old population is ascending continually. The elders facing the challenge of impaired mobility and decreasing flexibility will affect the dynamic characteristics of pedestrian flow. While the study of the evacuation dynamic mainly focuses on the young for the limited experimental conditions. The movement of elderly pedestrians are seldom investigated. However, the comprehensive understanding of the influence of the elders on the pedestrian flow is essential for facility design and evacuation management. Therefore, a series of comparative experiments between the separate elderly group, separate young group and the mixed group (38 elders and 63 young) are carried out to study the movement properties of elderly pedestrians in the bottleneck flow with different compositions quantitatively. The mixture of the elderly and the young makes the efficiency decrease significantly. In the mixed group, the speed of the young pedestrians is lower than that of the elders for the young slow down to avoid collisions. The young kept a certain distance from the elders for the sake of safety, so that the high-density profiles of the mixed group present as long strips. In addition, pedestrians in the mixed group have longer time lapse than that in the separate groups when passing the bottleneck. In the separate groups, the spatial distribution of the nearest neighbour presents as a uniform circle. The spatial distance between the elderly (0.46 m) is bigger than that between the young (0.39 m). While there is no obvious difference in the mixed group. The results can be used in pedestrian modelling, facilities designing and evacuation management for the population with old people.

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Experimental study on elderly pedestrians passing through bottlenecks

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Social Distancing with the Optimal Steps Model

Social Distancing with the Optimal Steps Model

Together Apart: Increased Crowd Heterogeneity Influences Crowd Dynamics and Interpersonal Distance at Bottlenecks

Movement Properties of Elderly Pedestrians in the Bottleneck Flow With Different Compositions

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