Experimental Thermochemical, Physical and Mechanical Characterization of the Uniaxial Compression of PVC Tubes Loaded With 12.54% and 51.02% of Dura Palm Kernel Shell Powder

Abstract

We have carried out here a chemical, thermal, physical characterization and a study of the mechanical behavior to the tubular compression of the PVC tubes loaded with 0%, 12.54% and 51.02% of the dura palm kernel shell powder obtained by extrusion and give an approach on its use. To achieve these objectives, we took the unloaded PVC tubes then the PVC tubes loaded with 12.54% and 51. 02% of the extruded shell powder, which we characterized: thermally by ATG/DSC with a LENSEI apparatus to obtain TG and DSC, chemically by Fourier transform infrared analysis with a Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS5 IR spectrometer to obtain FTIR, physically with standard equipment according to standards to obtain density, then mechanically by uniaxial tubular compression with a machine of compression-flexion of mark controlab to obtain the bearing capacities, the resistances and the behavior of the tubes to the uniaxial tubular compression. We obtained: at elaborated, tubes of diameter (D=90mm and d=82mm) of color light gray, dark gray, dark black respectively for the PVC tubes unloaded and loaded to 12.54% and 51.02%. DSC thermograms of the tubes showed glass transition, combustion temperature, calcination temperature and ash onset temperature and TG thermograms, mass change on dehydration, dehydrochlorination, condensation and residual calcination sensitive. FTIR showed particular groupings of the presence of: lignin from palm kernel shells and chlorine from PVC in the tubes. The density of the tubes gave 1.42 g/cm3 for the unloaded PVC tubes, 1.38 g/cm3 for the loaded PVC tubes at 12.54% and 1.23g/cm3 for 51.02% justifying the low density of the hull powder in the tubes. The bearing capacity as well as the mechanical strength, the shortening and the compression behaviour of the tube allowed to say that the unloaded PVC tubes and those loaded at 12.54% have a tenacious and ductile behaviour while those loaded at 51.02% have a rigid, brittle and fragile behaviour. These results show that the palm kernel shell powders used as loads influence in a sensitive way the physical, thermal, chemical and mechanical properties allowing several fields like aeronautics, automobile, building, toys for entertainment and laboratory materials to be interested in its production.