Experimentelle Studien über Regeneration

Przibram, Hans

doi:10.1007/bf02161987

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…6). It is morphologically and functionally the main part of the nervous system in crinoids (Bohn and Heinzeller 1999;Breimer and Lane 1978;Heinzeller and Welsch 1994;Hyman 1955), and it has been shown to be essential for crown regeneration and stalk regrowth (Amemiya and Oji 1992;Breimer and Lane 1978;Nakano et al 2004a;Przibram 1901). On the other hand, the main structure of the Eleutherozoan adult nervous system is not the aboral nerve system but the nerve ring encircling the mouth and five radial nerves radiating into each ray (Hyman 1955).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Nervous system development of two crinoid species, the sea lily Metacrinus rotundus and the feather star Oxycomanthus japonicus

2009

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Nervous system development in echinoderms has been well documented, especially for sea urchins and starfish. However, that of crinoids, the most basal group of extant echinoderms, has been poorly studied due to difficulties in obtaining their larvae. In this paper, we report nervous system development from two species of crinoids, from hatching to late doliolaria larvae in the sea lily Metacrinus rotundus and from hatching to cystidean stages after settlement in the feather star Oxycomanthus japonicus. The two species showed a similar larval nervous system pattern with an extensive anterior larval ganglion. The ganglion was similar to that in sea urchins which is generally regarded as derived. In contrast with other echinoderm and hemichordate larvae, synaptotagmin antibody 1E11 failed to reveal ciliary band nerve tracts. Basiepithelial nerve cells formed a net-like structure in the M. rotundus doliolaria larvae. In O. japonicus, the larval ganglion was still present 1 day after settlement when the adult nervous system began to appear inside the crown.Stalk nerves originated from the crown and extended down the stalk, but had no connections with the remaining larval ganglion at the base of the stalk. The larval nervous system was not incorporated into the adult nervous system, and the larval ganglion later disappeared. The aboral nerve center, the dominant nervous system in adult crinoids, was formed at the early cystidean stage, considerably earlier than previously suggested. Through comparisons with nervous system development in other ambulacraria, we suggest the possible nervous system development pattern of the echinoderm ancestor and provide new implications on the evolutionary history of echinoderm life cycles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Nervous system development of two crinoid species, the sea lily Metacrinus rotundus and the feather star Oxycomanthus japonicus

2009

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“…The only available studies are very old and incomplete [22][23][24]. In spite of this, the common presence in nature of partially or completely eviscerated specimens and individuals with visceral regeneration in progress [7,[25][26][27][28], indicates that the internal organs of crinoids display striking regenerative capabilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, we re-explored visceral regeneration using a modern approach in preliminary pilot studies, wich provided encouraging results [29,30]. In order to investigate comprehensively the main events of the overall process and mechanisms at tissue and cellular levels, the present work examines the histological and ultrustructural aspects of visceral regeneration in the common feather star Antedon meditteranea, the experimental model used by Dendy [24] and Przibram [22] in their historical experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral regeneration in the crinoid Antedon mediterranea: basic mechanisms, tissues and cells involved in gut regrowth

et al. 2006

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Abstract:Crinoids are able to regenerate completely many body parts, namely arms, pinnules, cirri, and also viscera, including the whole gut, lost after self-induced or traumatic mutilations. In contrast to the regenerative processes related to external appendages, those related to internal organs have been poorly investigated. In order to provide a comprehensive view of these processes, and of their main events, timing and mechanisms, the present work is exploring visceral regeneration in the feather star Antedon meditteranea. The histological and cellular aspects of visceral regeneration were monitored at predetermined times (from 24 hours to 3 weeks post evisceration) using microscopy and immunocytochemistry. The overall regeneration process can be divided into three main phases, leading in 3 weeks to the reconstruction of a complete functional gut. After a brief wound healing phase, new tissues and organs develop as a result of extensive cell migration and transdifferentiation. The cells involved in these processes are mainly coelothelial cells, which after trans-differentiating into progenitor cells form clusters of enterocytic precursors. The advanced phase is then characterized by the growth and differentiation of the gut rudiment. In general, our results confirm the striking potential for repair (wound healing) and regeneration displayed by crinoids at the organ, tissue and cellular levels.

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“…They possess a well-developed aboral nervous system, which has degenerated in other echinoderm classes. Also, crinoids have strong regenerative capability, which is dependent on the nervous system (Przibram, 1901, quoted by Hyman, 1955Amemiya and Oji, 1992 ). Thus, crinoids are potentially important model organisms for evolutionary developmental biology and regenerative biology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Growth of the Feather Star Oxycomanthus japonicus to Sexual Maturity

et al. 2008

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Crinoids, including feather stars, are the most basal group among extant echinoderm classes and share a basic body plan. In spite of their importance for evolutionary developmental study, information on the development of crinoids has been limited, because there are not many species whose spawning season is known, and artificial spawning is impossible. Therefore, it is not easy to obtain fertilized eggs of crinoids. We have observed the spawning and development of the feather star Oxycomanthus japonicus for 7 years. We have established a cultivation system that has enabled us to culture large numbers of O. japonicus from eggs through to sexually mature adults. In the present study, we show that (1) individuals take 2 years to reach sexual maturity; (2) the skeleton of the theca of a stalked juvenile consists of five orals, five basals, five radials, five infrabasals, and an anal plate; and (3) the onset of spawning has shifted by about two weeks since 60 years ago. Our cultivation system can provide enough embryos, larvae, juveniles, and adults for further experiments, extending the possibilities for crinoid research.

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Experimentelle Studien über Regeneration

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Nervous system development of two crinoid species, the sea lily Metacrinus rotundus and the feather star Oxycomanthus japonicus

Nervous system development of two crinoid species, the sea lily Metacrinus rotundus and the feather star Oxycomanthus japonicus

Visceral regeneration in the crinoid Antedon mediterranea: basic mechanisms, tissues and cells involved in gut regrowth

Development and Growth of the Feather Star Oxycomanthus japonicus to Sexual Maturity

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