Experiments on Energy-Efficient Evaporative Cooling Systems for Poultry Farm Application in Multan (Pakistan)

Abstract

Poultry are one of the most vulnerable species of its kind once the temperature-humidity nexus is explored. This is so because the broilers lack sweat glands as compared to humans and undergo panting process to mitigate their latent heat (moisture produced in the body) in the air. As a result, moisture production inside poultry house needs to be maintained to avoid any serious health and welfare complications. Several strategies such as compressor-based air-conditioning systems have been implemented worldwide to attenuate the heat stress in poultry, but these are not economical. Therefore, this study focuses on the development of low-cost and environmentally friendly improved evaporative cooling systems (DEC, IEC, MEC) from the viewpoint of heat stress in poultry houses. Thermodynamic analysis of these systems was carried out for the climatic conditions of Multan, Pakistan. The results appreciably controlled the environmental conditions which showed that for the months of April, May, and June, the decrease in temperature by direct evaporative cooling (DEC), indirect evaporative cooling (IEC), and Maisotsenko-Cycle evaporative cooling (MEC) systems is 7–10 °C, 5–6.5 °C, and 9.5–12 °C, respectively. In case of July, August, and September, the decrease in temperature by DEC, IEC, and MEC systems is 5.5–7 °C, 3.5–4.5 °C, and 7–7.5 °C, respectively. In addition, drop in temperature-humidity index (THI) values by DEC, IEC, and MEC is 3.5–9 °C, 3–7 °C, and 5.5–10 °C, respectively for all months. Optimum temperature and relative humidity conditions are determined for poultry birds and thereby, systems’ performance is thermodynamically evaluated for poultry farms from the viewpoint of THI, temperature-humidity-velocity index (THVI), and thermal exposure time (ET). From the analysis, it is concluded that MEC system performed relatively better than others due to its ability of dew-point cooling and achieved THI threshold limit with reasonable temperature and humidity indexes.

Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of a Broiler House Microclimate in Summer and Winter

“…Additionally, while the air temperatures were low (22.16–22.88 °C) near the pads, they gradually increased by almost 2.50 °C from the pads to the exhaust fans ( Figure 8 a,b). Numerous studies have revealed that evaporative cooling pad systems may provide a solution for controlling the high temperatures that negatively affect the poultry buildings [ 51 , 52 , 53 ]. However, although the evaporative cooling pad system significantly decreases indoor temperatures, it also causes a significant increase in relative humidity inside the house ( Figure 8 c,d), which can be problematic, especially in humid climates [ 16 ].…”

Temperature and Humidity Control for the Next Generation Greenhouses: Overview of Desiccant and Evaporative Cooling Systems

“…Authors have extensively studied desiccant air-conditioning options for the next generation greenhouse air-conditioning in literature [1,3,4,14,[32][33][34][35]. Ashraf et al [33] studied silica-gel desiccant dehumidification based Maisotsenko cycle evaporative cooling system for the next generation agricultural greenhouse.…”

Development and Validation of an Energy Consumption Model for Animal Houses Achieving Precision Livestock Farming

“…To guarantee a proper indoor climate, the air temperature, moisture and air quality must be controlled by ventilation, heating, cooling, etc. [ 9 ]. However, these control methods represent a considerable share of the total energy consumption of poultry farming.…”