Expert consensus on the diagnosis and management of diabetic kidney disease

Hao, Xiu-Yuan; Chen, Xin

doi:10.1097/cm9.0000000000001049

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…DN was defined as an average urinary albumin of ≥30 mg/24 h. Urinary albumin <30 mg/24 h was categorized as normoalbuminuria, 30 mg/24 h ≤ urinary albumin < 300 mg/24 h as microalbuminuria, and urinary albumin ≥300 mg/24 h as macroalbuminuria. [ 14 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of serum vitamin D levels with diabetic microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Zhao

Xia

Yin

2021

Chinese Medical Journal

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Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been reported to be associated with diabetic microvascular complications, but previous studies have only focused on the relationship between vitamin D and specific complications. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationship between vitamin D level and diabetic microvascular complications in general, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic nephropathy (DN), and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 815 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Clinical information and laboratory results were collected from the medical records. The relationship between vitamin D and the three diabetic microvascular complications was investigated. Results: The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 [OH] D) level of patients with DPN and/or DN was significantly lower than that of T2DM patients without any microvascular complications ( P < 0.01). Univariate analysis showed that the 25 (OH) D level was related to DPN and DN, but not DR. After adjustment, the 25 (OH) D level was confirmed to be an independent protective factor for DPN (odds ratio [OR]: 0.968, P = 0.004]) and DN (OR: 0.962, P = 0.006). The prevalence of DPN and DN increased significantly as the serum 25 (OH) D levels decreased. Furthermore, patients with both DPN and DN had the lowest concentration of serum 25 (OH) D ( P < 0.001), and the prevalence of macroalbuminuria increased more abruptly than that of microalbuminuria across the 25 (OH) D tertiles. Among the patients with vitamin D insufficiency, those with DPN presented more comorbid macroalbuminuria than those without DPN (15.32% vs. 4.91%; P = 0.001). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is independently associated with higher risk of DPN and DN, but not DR, in T2DM patients. Further, it may be a potential predictor for both the occurrence and severity of DPN and DN.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of serum vitamin D levels with diabetic microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Zhao

Xia

Yin

2021

Chinese Medical Journal

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“…Specifically, the clinical diagnosis of DN is made based on a random urine UACR ≥ 30 mg/g, with the exclusion of other chronic kidney diseases. 31 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, the clinical diagnosis of DN is made based on a random urine UACR ≥ 30 mg/g, with the exclusion of other chronic kidney diseases. 31 The diagnostic criteria for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) are as follows: a clear history of diabetes, clinical symptoms consistent with the presentation of DPN, and the exclusion of neuropathy from other aetiologies. The signs of DPN include a diminished or absent ankle reflex and pins and needles, vibration, pressure and/or temperature pain.…”

Section: Related Diagnostic Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Index of Cardiac Electrophysiological Balance, Frontal QRS-T Angle and Retinopathy in People with Type 2 Diabetes

Zhang¹,

Li²,

Sun³

et al. 2023

DMSO

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Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease, which is a risk factor for sudden cardiac death (SCD). The index of cardiac electrophysiological balance (iCEB) and the frontal QRS-T angle are recommended to predict the risk of ventricular arrhythmias more than other ECG parameters. However, the relationships between these two markers and DR have not yet been explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the variation in the iCEB, corrected iCEB (iCEBc) and frontal QRS-T angle in different stages of DR and determine whether there are associations between these markers and DR. Methods The sample comprised 665 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who were classified into three groups: no DR (NDR), mild to moderate non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and vision-threatening DR (VTDR). Twelve-lead ECG was performed and the QT, QTc, QRS duration, iCEB, iCEBc and frontal QRS-T angle were recorded and compared across the groups. Results The VTDR group had a significantly higher iCEBc and frontal QRS-T angle than the NDR and NPDR groups. After controlling for confounding variables, the correlations between the iCEBc (OR=2.217, 95% CI=1.464–3.358, P<0.001), frontal QRS-T angle (OR=1.017, 95% CI=1.008–1.025, P<0.001) and DR risk remained (P<0.05). Subjects in the fourth iCEBc quartile (adjusted OR=2.612, 95% CI=1.411–4.834, p=0.002) had a much higher chance of developing DR compared to those in the first quartile. In comparison to the first frontal QRS-T angle quartile, subjects in the third (adjusted OR=1.998, 95% CI=1.167–3.422, P=0.012) and fourth (adjusted OR=2.430, 95% CI=1.420–4.160, P=0.001) frontal QRS-T angle quartiles had significantly greater risks of DR. Conclusion With the progression of DR, the iCEBc and frontal QRS-T angle increase. An increased iCEBc and frontal QRS-T angle are associated with an increased risk of DR.

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Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with coronary microvascular dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Chen

Chai

Wang

et al. 2021

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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Expert consensus on the diagnosis and management of diabetic kidney disease

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Relationship of serum vitamin D levels with diabetic microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Relationship of serum vitamin D levels with diabetic microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Relationship Between Index of Cardiac Electrophysiological Balance, Frontal QRS-T Angle and Retinopathy in People with Type 2 Diabetes

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with coronary microvascular dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

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