Explaining cruisers’ shore expenditure through a latent class tobit model: Evidence from the Canary Islands

Abstract

This study analyzes the expenditure patterns of cruise ship passengers during stopovers in the Canary Islands, which is a key variable for evaluating the economic impact of this type of tourism from the point of view of local key stakeholders and residents. Information on cruisers’ expenditure was collected in each port of call by survey responses for six cruise seasons, during the period 2001–2015. Through a latent class model in a framework of censured regression, three distinct groups of passengers were identified. This approach fills a gap in the empirical tourism literature in order to achieve more accurate results to deal with cruise travelers’ heterogeneity. Moreover, the identification of these homogeneous groups is important so as to better design policies that allow for higher tourism economic impact onshore. Our findings suggest that it would be ideal to attract more class 1 cruise passengers.

A Cross-National Comparison of Intragenerational Variability in Social Media Sharing

“…This model-based technique has become increasingly popular among researchers and data analysts who appreciate its ability to overcome many of the problems with traditional cluster analysis techniques, particularly for its ability to analyze relationships in categorical data (Hagenaars and McCutcheon 2002; Magidson and Vermunt 2002; Schreiber and Pekarik 2014). LCA has been applied to examine within-group diversity on topics including tourists’ length of stay (Alegre, Mateo, and Pou 2011), preferences patterns and benefits sought (Kemperman and Timmermans 2006), consumption values (Chen, Masiero, and Hsu 2018), expenditure patterns (Pino and Tovar 2019), and willingness to pay (Gengler and Mulvey 2017). Such analyses can help to advance a deeper understanding of people who comprise the latent groupings as well as the antecedents and consequences of segment membership.…”

Expanding our understanding of cruise visitors' expenditure at destinations: The role of spatial patterns, onshore visit choice and cruise category

“…Previous studies conducted from the perspective of cruise passengers have focused on the expectations, motivations, satisfaction, and/or intention of these passengers to return to or recommend a destination (e.g., Andriotis and Agiomirgianakis 2010;Gabe, Lynch, and McConnon 2006;Hosany and Witham 2009;Larsen and Wolff 2016;Scherrer, Smith, and Dowling 2011;Toudert and Bringas-Rábago 2016), their expenditure at a destination (e.g., Baños Pino and Tovar 2019;Brida et al 2018;Douglas and Douglas 2004;Henthorne 2000;Larsen, Wolff, Marnburg, and Øgaard 2013;Marksel, Tominc, and Bozicnik 2017), and to a lesser extent, their spatiotemporal behavior at a destination (e.g., Andriotis and Agiomirgianakis 2010;De Cantis et al 2016;Ferrante, De Cantis, and Shoval 2018;Jaakson 2004;Scherrer, Smith, and Dowling 2011).…”

“…Baños Pino and Tovar (2019) highlighted the determinants of cruise passengers' expenditure at a destination that have been examined in previous works, including age, gender, education level, income, occupation, marital status, nationality, satisfaction, port of call, and hours onshore. Some of these variables have also been used in other related studies that examine the expenditures of cruisers (De Cantis et al 2016;Domènech, Gutiérrez, and Anton-Clavé 2020;Ferrante, De Cantis, and Shoval 2018).…”

“…Previous studies have attempted to identify the determinants of passenger expenditures with a special focus on sociodemographic characteristics, travel context factors, and psychological variables (e.g., Brida et al 2014;Brida et al 2018;Di Vaio, Lepore, and Varriale 2018;Gargano and Grasso 2016). In terms of methodology, previous studies have employed a variety of models, mostly ordinary least squares (OLS), but also latent class, Tobit, or Logit models, among others (for a recent review, see Baños Pino and Tovar 2019).…”

Impactos econômicos do turismo de cruzeiros: uma revisão de literatura

“…A importância econômica do setor de cruzeiros é evidente na indústria do Turismo, pois é um dos que mais tem crescido nas últimas décadas, mesmo enfrentando crises econômicas internacionais e acidentes que ocorreram recentemente como foi o caso do Costa Concordia (Pino & Tovar, 2018;Lopes & Dredge, 2018;Vayá, Garcia, Murillo, Romani & Surinach, 2018;Artal-Tur, Navarro-Azorin &Ramos-Parreño, 2018;Brida, Fasone, Scuderi & Zapata Aguirre, 2014;Brida & Zapata, 2010;Gouveia & Eusébio, 2018). Alguns autores afirmam que os cruzeiros são um segmento cada vez mais popular na indústria do turismo (Dragin, Jovičći & Bošković, 2010) e são um importante fator de crescimento e desenvolvimento nos destinos locais que recebem os navios de cruzeiros (Stefanidaki & Lekakou, 2014).…”