Exploiting Real-Time EEG Analysis for Assessing Flow in Games

Плотников, А. Б.; Stakheika, N.; Gloria, Alessandro De; Schatten, Carlotta; Bellotti, Francesco; Berta, Riccardo; Fiorini, Cosimo; Ansovini, Flavio

doi:10.1109/icalt.2012.144

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Furthermore, new methods to study flow are emerging. Advances in neurosciences are making it possible to continuously monitor the player status [25,26]. Certain dimensions of flow can be validated with functional brain imaging, which can improve the understanding of human emotions and motivational processes during media entertainment [27].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow experience in game based learning – a systematic literature review

Perttula¹,

Kiili²,

Lindstedt³

et al. 2017

IJSG

121

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The entertaining elements implemented in a serious game are key factors in determining whether a player will be engaged in a play-learn process and able to achieve the desired learning outcomes. Thus, optimization of subjective playing experience is a crucial part of a game design process. Flow theory can be adopted for measuring user experience and analyzing the quality of serious game designs. In addition, flow seems to have a positive influence on performance enhancement, learning and engagement. The focus of this review is especially on examining the meaning of flow in the context of serious games as well as exploring the relationship between flow and learning, factors that influence occurrence of flow and how flow is operationalized. The review revealed that there are mainly conceptual considerations about flow in serious games, but no robust empirical evidence about the meaning of flow. This is in line with other studies. We argue that research on flow should focus on the specific aspects related to the very nature of serious games that combine enjoyment and learning. Furthermore, new methods to measure flow and analyse the data need to be developed and studied.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow experience in game based learning – a systematic literature review

Perttula¹,

Kiili²,

Lindstedt³

et al. 2017

IJSG

121

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“…In addition to subjective assessment, a growing area of assessment includes a branch of neuroscience that is investigating the correlation between user psychological states and the value of physiological signals. Several studies have shown that these measures can provide an indication of player engagement (see [38][39][40][41]) and flow [42]. Common physiological measures include the following [41,43].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment in and of Serious Games: An Overview

Bellotti

Kapralos

Lee

et al. 2013

Advances in Human-Computer Interaction

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435

270

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There is a consensus that serious games have a significant potential as a tool for instruction. However, their effectiveness in terms of learning outcomes is still understudied mainly due to the complexity involved in assessing intangible measures. A systematic approach—based on established principles and guidelines—is necessary to enhance the design of serious games, and many studies lack a rigorous assessment. An important aspect in the evaluation of serious games, like other educational tools, is user performance assessment. This is an important area of exploration because serious games are intended to evaluate the learning progress as well as the outcomes. This also emphasizes the importance of providing appropriate feedback to the player. Moreover, performance assessment enables adaptivity and personalization to meet individual needs in various aspects, such as learning styles, information provision rates, feedback, and so forth. This paper first reviews related literature regarding the educational effectiveness of serious games. It then discusses how to assess the learning impact of serious games and methods for competence and skill assessment. Finally, it suggests two major directions for future research: characterization of the player’s activity and better integration of assessment in games.

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“…Some work [14,18,21] has been done with the theory of Flow [10,8], but this approach remains problematic because the theory is descriptive of subjective states, and not predictive of physiological states. A stronger link can be found in simpler cognitive mechanisms, which may in combination provide an index to HLC/HPC under the right measurement protocol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychophysiology and high-performance cognition - a brief review of the literature

Cowley

2015

Preprint

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The psychophysiological method can be used to detect some simple cognitive states such as arousal, attentiveness, or mental workload. This approach can be especially interesting when cognition has some productive purpose, as in knowledge work, and tends to be related to human-computer interaction (HCI). However more interesting for applied purposes are acts of coordinated high-level cognition. High-level (or higher-order) cognition (HLC) is typically associated with decision making, problem solving, and executive control of cognition and action. Further, an intuitive approach for assessing whether someone is engaged in HLC is to measure their performance of a known task.Given this, it is reasonable to define high-performance cognition (HPC) as HLC under some performance restriction, such as real-time pressure or expert skill level. Such states are also interesting for HCI in work, and their detection represents an ambitious aim for using the psychophysiological method. We report a brief review of the literature on the topic. ABSTRACTThe psychophysiological method can be used to detect some simple cognitive states such as arousal, attentiveness, or mental workload. This approach can be especially interesting when cognition has some productive purpose, as in knowledge work, and tends to be related to human-computer interaction (HCI). However more interesting for applied purposes are acts of coordinated high-level cognition. High-level (or higher-order) cognition (HLC) is typically associated with decision making, problem solving, and executive control of cognition and action. Further, an intuitive approach for assessing whether someone is engaged in HLC is to measure their performance of a known task. Given this, it is reasonable to define high-performance cognition (HPC) as HLC under some performance restriction, such as real-time pressure or expert skill level. Such states are also interesting for HCI in work, and their detection represents an ambitious aim for using the psychophysiological method. We report a brief review of the literature on the topic.

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Exploiting Real-Time EEG Analysis for Assessing Flow in Games

Cited by 26 publications

References 6 publications

Flow experience in game based learning – a systematic literature review

Flow experience in game based learning – a systematic literature review

Assessment in and of Serious Games: An Overview

Psychophysiology and high-performance cognition - a brief review of the literature

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