Exploiting the FM-Signal in a Laser-Diode SMI by Means of a Mach–Zehnder Filter

Norgia, M.; Melchionni, Dario; Donati, Silvano

doi:10.1109/lpt.2017.2735899

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A recent advance [50][51][52] has supplied a further contribution easing the development of fringe-counting operation of the SMI displacement measurement: by converting the frequency modulation of the SMI into an amplitude modulation by means of a steep edge filter, both cos 2ks and sin 2ks signals are available form the SMI and counting half-or quarter-periods can be done like in a conventional interferometer (See Ref. 2, 4.2.1), dispensing from the need of operation in the 1 < C < 4.6 range necessary when we have available only one signal (i.e., the AM cos 2ks).…”

Section: Development Of Displacement Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of self-mixing interferometer applications to mechanical engineering

Donati

Norgia

2018

Opt. Eng.

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We present an overview of the applications of self-mixing interferometer (SMI) to tasks of interest for mechanical engineering, namely high-resolution measurement of linear displacements, measurements of angles (tilt, yaw, and roll), measurements of subnanometer vibrations, and absolute distance, all on a remote target-representative of the tool-carrying turret of a tool-machine. Along with the advantages of SMI-compactness, low cost, minimum invasiveness, ease of use, and good accuracy, we illustrate the typical performance achieved by the basic SMI sensors, that is, the versions requiring a minimum of signal processing and discuss special features and problems of each approach.

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Section: Development Of Displacement Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of self-mixing interferometer applications to mechanical engineering

Donati

Norgia

2018

Opt. Eng.

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“…A wedge window (ww) is placed in between the laser and the target to reflect one of the beams into the MZI for FM demodulation signal. The FM-to-AM conversion factor can be controlled with varying the distance ΔL [11]. One of the MZI output beams is directed to a detector (DET1).…”

Section: Fm Conversion Using the Mzi As Edge Filtermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The demodulation method is based on the edge filtering technique based on optical absorption means [9]. Since then, diverse types of edge filters have been proposed to recover the FM signal on the SMI approach [8,10,11]. The proposed demodulating methods are based on different physical properties, such as absorption and interference of light, achieving different performances on each method.…”

Section: Introduction To Self-mixing Interferometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In few words: the steeper the filter edge, the higher the demodulation factor providing a higher FM amplitude, however, the noise related to the frequency is also increased and the bandwidth gets more restricted (since the free spectral range is reduced). For example, in [11] the use of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer as filter (MZI filter) provides an outstanding conversion factor due to the steepness or narrowness in the transmission profile of this interferometric approach. Also, the volume Bragg gratings (VBGs) have been used as edge filters [10].…”

Section: Introduction To Self-mixing Interferometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase Shift Measurements Between Intensity and Frequency Modulations of a Self-Mixing Interferometer

Contreras

Martı́nez

Norgia

2018

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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We present a simple and straightforward method to determine the phase shift between the amplitude modulation (AM) and the frequency modulation (FM) of a laser diode. The approach is based on the measurement of AM and FM signals produced by the dynamical response of a laser diode exposed to weak optical feedback. The AM signal is measured directly on a photodiode detecting the emitted power and the FM signal is demodulated to intensity modulation through the edge filtering techniques using (a) a volumetric Bragg grating or (b) a Mach-Zehnder interferometer as filters prior to the signal detection. In this work, we show experimentally that the phase shift determination unveils the linewidth enhancement factor of semiconductor lasers as predicted by the Lang and Kobayashi theory.

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“…More recently, new methods exploiting the frequency modulation (FM) channel of OFI instead of the AM channel have shown that it is possible to further significantly improve the vibrometer performances by at least two decades [16]. However, to achieve these performances, it is required to convert FM-to-AM via narrow band optical frequency filter such as gas cell [17] or Mach Zehnder [18], which might hinder the simplicity of OFI systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-λ/2 Displacement Sensor With Nanometric Precision Based on Optical Feedback Interferometry Used as a Non-Uniform Event-Based Sampling System

et al. 2020

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In this paper, a method based on the inherent event-based sampling capability of the laser optical feedback interferometry (OFI) is proposed to recover sub-λ/2 displacement with a nanometric precision. The proposed method operates in open-loop configuration and relies on OFI's fringe detection, thereby improving its robustness and ease of use. The measured white noise power spectral density is less than 100 pm/ √ Hz with a corner noise frequency of approximately 80 Hz for a laser diode emitting wavelength λ0 of 785 nm placed at 30 cm of the target.

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Exploiting the FM-Signal in a Laser-Diode SMI by Means of a Mach–Zehnder Filter

Cited by 32 publications

References 29 publications

Overview of self-mixing interferometer applications to mechanical engineering

Overview of self-mixing interferometer applications to mechanical engineering

Phase Shift Measurements Between Intensity and Frequency Modulations of a Self-Mixing Interferometer

Sub-λ/2 Displacement Sensor With Nanometric Precision Based on Optical Feedback Interferometry Used as a Non-Uniform Event-Based Sampling System

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