Explorando La Eficacia Del Modelo Multidimensional en La Acreditación De Universidades: Análisis Exhaustivo

Abstract

The multidimensional model has emerged as a comprehensive and promising approach to university accreditation, as it helps to assess crucial aspects such as academic quality, research, university-society links, infrastructure and student services. This research analyses its effectiveness through a comprehensive search of specialised databases and rigorous selection of studies using inclusion/exclusion criteria and the PRISMA approach. The results of the 15 studies included highlight the effectiveness of the model as a holistic evaluation tool, its positive impact on the improvement of educational quality, academic excellence, research innovation and competence development. They also highlight its contribution to the employability of graduates and the strengthening of university-society links. Economically, it has demonstrated greater cost and time efficiency than unidimensional models; furthermore, its high validity and reliability is endorsed, as well as the favourable perception of the academic community. Nevertheless, challenges were identified such as objectivity in evaluations, complexity of the process, variation according to national contexts, incorporation of internationalisation indicators, data collection and analysis, need for training of evaluators, harmonisation of criteria, standardisation of processes, socialisation and transparency, investment in technological resources and periodic review of criteria. In conclusion, the multidimensional model is a valuable tool for university accreditation, but it needs to comprehensively address the challenges posed, considering contextual particularities and fostering its continuous improvement to maximise its impact on the quality of higher education.