Exploratory Randomized Clinical Study of Pagoclone in Persistent Developmental Stuttering

Abstract

The main limitation of this study was the adequacy of the number of subjects who participated because this study was conducted as a pilot investigation. Furthermore, as this condition waxes and wanes, the assessment of stuttering within the clinic setting may not be an adequate reflection of the stuttering of the patients within the community.

Genetic Bases of Stuttering: The State of the Art, 2011

“…The discovery that stuttering severity is less determined by heritability than the disorder itself [24,38] has already established a more optimistic outlook for therapeutic success. Genetic findings are also likely to facilitate attempts of developing pharmaceutical treatment approaches of stuttering currently under way [74,75] . In this respect, Alzheimer's disease provides an encouraging prospect for the potential clinical implications.…”

Bi̇r Paradoks Olarak Ri̇speri̇don Kullanimina Bağli Kekemeli̇k Olgusu

“…Pagoclone ile yapılan çalışmalar olumlu sonuçlar vermiş olup kekemelik bulgularını iyileştirmesinin dopamin-GABA etkileşimleri veya GABAerjik düzenlemeler aracılığı ile olabileceği öne sürülmüştür (31).Bununla birlikte tüm bu ajanlar içinde en umut verici ve fayda sağlayıcı olanlar antipsikotikler olmuştur. Haloperidol, amisülpirid, risperidon, olanzapin, aripiprazol gibi antipsikotikler fayda göstermiştir (13,14,15,16,17).…”

Overview of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Stuttering

“…13 This sex discrepancy results in up to 80% of adult stutterers being male. 15 Acquired stuttering also occurs, but is much less common and is often the result of brain trauma or medication. 3 Adults who stutter are also at an increased risk for both mood 16 and anxiety disorders.…”

“…46 Pagoclone, a GABA A partial agonist, has also shown favorable results. 15 Research from imaging studies suggests that people who stutter exhibit hypometabolism of the striatum and increased dopamine activity. 29 This evidence provides a plausible mechanism as to how dopamine antagonists decrease stuttering by increasing striatal metabolism by blocking D 2 receptors in the striatum.…”