The paper selects a garden as a typical object to study urban garden plants, and uses methods such as video statistics, digital camera record analysis, manual counting, and questionnaire survey statistics (CTVM) to analyse the laws of garden plants in different time periods Based on the analysis and research, a mathematical model was established to explain the temporal and spatial behaviour of garden plants, so as to evaluate the landscape planning of urban gardens and provide a basis for studying the landscape planning of urban gardens. At the same time, the paper designs a web-based urban garden plant protection management system to improve the level of intelligent management of urban gardens.