Exploring association between statin use and breast cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis

Islam, Mohaimenul; Yang, Hsuan-Chia; Nguyễn, Phụng Anh; Poly, Tahmina Nasrin; Huang, Chih-Wei; Kekade, Shwetambara; Khalfan, Abdulwahed Mohammed; Debnath, Tonmoy; Li, Yu-Chuan; Abdul, Shabbir Syed

doi:10.1007/s00404-017-4533-3

Cited by 64 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Since the disease incidence was low in the cohort studies, we regarded ORs as close approximations of summary RR and combined them, resulting in a common estimate of RR [14,16]. Risk estimates > 1 indicate an increased risk of the defined outcome, and risk estimates < 1 indicate a decreased risk of the defined outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increase Risk of Multiple Sclerosis in Patients with Psoriasis Disease: An Evidence of Observational Studies

et al. 2019

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Background: Psoriasis, a common chronic inflammatory disease, increases the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS), but evidence for this outcome is still unclear. However, we performed a meta-analysis of relevant studies to quantify the magnitude of the association between psoriasis and MS. It will help to assess the current state of knowledge, fill the gaps in our existing concern, and make a recommendation for future research. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and the bibliographies of articles were searched for studies published between January 1, 1990, and November 1, 2017, which reported on the association between psoriasis and MS. Articles were included if they (1) were published in English, (2) reported patients with psoriasis, and the outcome of interest was MS, (3) provided OR/RR/HR with 95% CI or sufficient information to calculate the 95% CI, and (4) if ≥50 patients. All abstracts, full-text articles, and sources were reviewed, with duplicate data excluded. Summary relative risk (ORs) with 95% CI was pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also conducted. Results: We selected 11 articles out of 785 unique abstracts for full-text review using our predetermined selection criteria, and 9 out of these 11 studies met all of our inclusion criteria. The overall pooled increased of developing MS in patients with psoriasis was RR 1.607 (95% CI 1.322–1.953, p < 0.0001) with low heterogeneity (I² = 37.41%, Q = 12.782, τ² = 0.027) for the random effect model. In the subgroup analysis, the MS risk in the patient with psoriasis was also significantly higher in the 6 studies from Europe RR 1.57 (95% CI 1.26–1.94, p < 0.001) with moderate heterogeneity (I² = 50.66%, Q = 10.13, τ² = 0.03) for the random effect model. Conclusion: Our results showed that psoriasis is significantly associated with an increased risk of developing MS. Physicians should carefully be observed symptoms and empower their patients to improve existing knowledge and quality of life. Further studies are warranted to establish the mechanisms underlying this relationship.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and H.-C.Y.) who are experts in drug and disease relationship research [13,[15][16][17][18]. The relevant electronic databases (e.g., PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus) were searched for articles published between January 1, 1990 and November 1, 2017, which reported the possible association between psoriasis and MS risk.…”

Section: Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Increase Risk of Multiple Sclerosis in Patients with Psoriasis Disease: An Evidence of Observational Studies

et al. 2019

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“…Since the impact of statins on dementia risk reduction remains the subject of an ongoing debate, an updated meta-analysis with a broadened capacity for testing hypotheses can potentially yield more robust estimates [15,16]. Large number of studies with incidence cases might strengthen the statistical power of meta-analysis to evaluate the magnitude of the association between exposure and outcome risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Use of Statin and Risk of Dementia: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

et al. 2019

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Background and Aims: The impact of statin on dementia risk reduction has been a subject of debate over the last decade, but the evidence remains inconclusive. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of relevant observational studies to quantify the magnitude of the association between statin therapy and the risk of dementia. Methods: We systematically searched for relevant studies published from January 2000 to March 2018 using EMBASE, Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Two authors performed study selection, data abstraction, and risk of bias assessment. We then extracted data from the selected studies and performed meta-analysis of observational studies using a random-effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also conducted. Results: A total of 30 observational studies, including 9,162,509 participants (84,101 dementia patients), met the eligibility criteria. Patients with statin had a lower all-caused dementia risk than those without statin (risk ratio [RR] 0.83, 95% CI 0.79-0.87, I 2 = 57.73%). The over-all pooled reduction of Alzheimer disease in patients with statin use was RR 0.69 (95% CI 0.60-0.80, p < 0.0001), and the overall pooled RR of statin use and vascular dementia risk was RR 0.93 (95% CI 0.74-1.16, p = 0.54). Conclusion: This study suggests that the use of statin is significantly associated with a decreased risk of dementia. Future studies measuring such outcomes would provide useful information to patients, clinicians, and policymakers. Until further evidence is established, clinicians need to make sure that statin use should remain restricted to the treatment of cardiovascular disease.

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“…Suppression of cholesterol storage machinery may decrease cellular proliferation in breast cancer [8]. Nevertheless, observational studies have reported contradictory associations between circulating lipids and breast cancer risk [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, a recent Mendelian randomization study has shown a causal and direct association between raised LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and the risk of breast cancer [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of immunization against PCSK9 in an experimental model of breast cancer

Momtazi‐Borojeni¹,

Nik²,

Jaafari³

et al. 2019

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Introduction: Inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) is an efficient strategy for lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). There are, however, scant data on the efficacy and safety of PCSK9 inhibitors in non-cardiovascular diseases, particularly cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of PCSK9 inhibition using a nanoliposomal antiPCSK9 vaccine on cancer behavior and endpoints in mice bearing breast tumor. Material and methods: To induce antiPCSK9 antibody in vivo, a nanoliposomal antiPCSK9 vaccine absorbed on 0.4% alum adjuvant was used. To induce tumor, BALB/c mice were subcutaneously inoculated with 4T1 breast carcinoma cells. After the tumor mass was palpable (approximately 10 mm 3), the mice were randomly divided into four groups and subjected to different treatment protocols: (1) PBS (untreated control), (2) vaccine group, (3) combination of vaccine and Doxil, and (4) Doxil (positive control) group. Vaccine was subcutaneously administered to mice four times at 2-week intervals. Two weeks after the last administration, the vaccinated and non-vaccinated mice were subcutaneously inoculated with 4T1 breast carcinoma cells. To evaluate therapeutic efficacy, mouse body weight, tumor size, and survival were monitored every other day for 60 days. Results: The nanoliposomal antiPCSK9 vaccine was found to efficiently induce specific antibodies against PCSK9 in BALB/c mice, thereby decreasing plasma levels of PCSK9 and inhibiting its function. Tumor size analysis showed that time to reach endpoint (TTE) of the vaccine, combination, Doxil, and control groups was 47 ±10, 57 ±4, 60 ±4 and 39 ±9 days, respectively. Rate of tumor growth in vaccine, combination and Doxil groups was decreased by 21%, 48% and 53%, respectively, compared to the control group. Lifespan was increased by 4.2% in the vaccine group, compared with the Effects of immunization against PCSK9 in an experimental model of breast cancer Arch Med Sci 3, May / 2019 571 control group. Additionally, the survival in the combination and Doxil groups was significantly higher than the vaccine and control groups. Conclusions: Our results revealed that PCSK9 inhibition may moderately improve breast cancer outcomes while having no harmful effects in tumor-bearing mice.

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Exploring association between statin use and breast cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis

Cited by 64 publications

References 60 publications

Increase Risk of Multiple Sclerosis in Patients with Psoriasis Disease: An Evidence of Observational Studies

Increase Risk of Multiple Sclerosis in Patients with Psoriasis Disease: An Evidence of Observational Studies

Association between Use of Statin and Risk of Dementia: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Effects of immunization against PCSK9 in an experimental model of breast cancer

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