Exploring autophagy in treating SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-related pathology

Halma, Matthew T.J.; Marik, Paul E.; Saleeby, Yusuf M.

doi:10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100163

Endocrine and Metabolic Science

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2024.100163

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Exploring autophagy in treating SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-related pathology

Matthew T.J. Halma,

Paul E. Marik,

Yusuf M. Saleeby

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

References 314 publications

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STING agonists as promising vaccine adjuvants to boost immunogenicity against SARS-related coronavirus derived infection: possible role of autophagy

Rezabakhsh,

Sadaie,

Ala

et al. 2024

Cell Commun Signal

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As a major component of innate immunity and a positive regulator of interferons, the Stimulator of interferon gene (STING) has an immunotherapy potential to govern a variety of infectious diseases. Despite the recent advances regarding vaccines against COVID-19, nontoxic novel adjuvants with the potential to enhance vaccine efficacy are urgently desired. In this connection, it has been well-documented that STING agonists are applied to combat COVID-19. This approach is of major significance for boosting immune responses most likely through an autophagy-dependent manner in susceptible individuals against infection induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus (SARS‑CoV‑2). Given that STING agonists exert substantial immunomodulatory impacts under a wide array of pathologic conditions, these agents could be considered novel adjuvants for enhancing immunogenicity against the SARS-related coronavirus. Here, we intend to discuss the recent advances in STING agonists’ recruitment to boost innate immune responses upon vaccination against SARS-related coronavirus infections. In light of the primordial role of autophagy modulation, the potential of being an antiviral vaccine adjuvant was also explored.

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STING agonists as promising vaccine adjuvants to boost immunogenicity against SARS-related coronavirus derived infection: possible role of autophagy

Rezabakhsh,

Sadaie,

Ala

et al. 2024

Cell Commun Signal

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SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Alpha-Synucleinopathies: Potential Links and Underlying Mechanisms

Motyl,

Gromadzka,

Czapski

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is a 140-amino-acid, intrinsically disordered, soluble protein that is abundantly present in the brain. It plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular structures and organelle functions, particularly in supporting synaptic plasticity and regulating neurotransmitter turnover. However, for reasons not yet fully understood, α-syn can lose its physiological role and begin to aggregate. This altered α-syn disrupts dopaminergic transmission and causes both presynaptic and postsynaptic dysfunction, ultimately leading to cell death. A group of neurodegenerative diseases known as α-synucleinopathies is characterized by the intracellular accumulation of α-syn deposits in specific neuronal and glial cells within certain brain regions. In addition to Parkinson’s disease (PD), these conditions include dementia with Lewy bodies (DLBs), multiple system atrophy (MSA), pure autonomic failure (PAF), and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). Given that these disorders are associated with α-syn-related neuroinflammation—and considering that SARS-CoV-2 infection has been shown to affect the nervous system, with COVID-19 patients experiencing neurological symptoms—it has been proposed that COVID-19 may contribute to neurodegeneration in PD and other α-synucleinopathies by promoting α-syn misfolding and aggregation. In this review, we focus on whether SARS-CoV-2 could act as an environmental trigger that facilitates the onset or progression of α-synucleinopathies. Specifically, we present new evidence on the potential role of SARS-CoV-2 in modulating α-syn function and discuss the causal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of parkinsonism-like symptoms.

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Exploring autophagy in treating SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-related pathology

Cited by 2 publications

References 314 publications

STING agonists as promising vaccine adjuvants to boost immunogenicity against SARS-related coronavirus derived infection: possible role of autophagy

STING agonists as promising vaccine adjuvants to boost immunogenicity against SARS-related coronavirus derived infection: possible role of autophagy

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Alpha-Synucleinopathies: Potential Links and Underlying Mechanisms

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