“…It is in this light that Hogan et al (2011) alluded that organisations strategic advantage depend solely on their ability to develop new idea that would revamp product and service acceptance by prospective customers. Firms may have huge resources but may not have innovative competencies to tap from new market opportunities thereby losing huge amount of capital from the market (Benaim 2015;Sudolska and Łapi ńska 2020). Validated measures of innovation capability (IC) are product innovation, marketing innovation capability and process innovation capability (Camison and Villar-Lopez 2014;Nwachukwu et al 2018; Opeke and Adelowo 2020); market innovation capability, product innovation capability, strategic innovation capability, process innovation capability, and behavioural innovation capability (Wang and Ahmed 2004;Purwati et al 2021); operations innovation capability, marketing innovation capability, boundary management innovation, firm innovation, service innovation capability, process innovation capability, sustainability innovation capability, and technological innovation capability (Manimala 1992;Varis and Littunen 2010); however, this study adapted marketing, process, and product innovation capability as dimensions of innovation capability based on their reliability and universality in empirical investigations.…”