“…The approach has proven effective in shaping users' behaviors within system boundaries (i.e., a range of actions within which system goals are not violated) in a variety of application domains such as energy efficiency monitoring [13,14], maritime transport [9], aviation [4,8] and medical engineering [19,23]. In our previous work [40,41] we applied the WDA to the design of two VA interfaces which improved experts and novices' ability to understand complex situations in the domain of air traffic control.…”