Exploring Geographic Variability in Cancer Prevalence in Eastern Morocco: A Retrospective Study over Eight Years

Errahhali, Manal Elidrissi; Errahhali, Mounia Elidrissi; Abda, Naïma; Bellaoui, Mohammed

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151987

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Therefore, the age of occurrence of cancer in Eastern Morocco may be even younger. This finding is consistent with our recently published report on caner prevalence in Eastern Morocco [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Moreover, the crude incidence observed in 2012 was higher in females than males (80.3 per 100,000 women versus 42.6 per 100,000 men). Since the structure of the population of Eastern Morocco showed a sex ratio of female to male of 1.06 during the study period 2006–2012 [13], these data suggest that in Eastern Morocco, women are more affected by cancer than men, which is in agreement with our recently published report on caner prevalence in Eastern Morocco [14]. This great difference in incidence between men and women can be explained by differences in lifestyle, and/or the willingness to treat cancer between men and women.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Cancer incidence in eastern Morocco: cancer patterns and incidence trends, 2005–2012

et al. 2017

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BackgroundCancer is one of the major health problems worldwide. In this article, we present for the first time the cancer incidence trends, the distribution and the socioeconomic profile of incident cancer cases in Eastern Morocco over a period of eight years.MethodsRetrospective descriptive study of patients diagnosed with cancer at the Hassan II Regional Oncology Center (ROC) since it was created in October 2005 until December 2012. During the study period, the ROC was the only hospital specialized in cancer care in Eastern Morocco.ResultsA total of 7872 incident cases of cancer were registered in Eastern Morocco. Among these incident cases 5220 cases were women and 2652 were men, with a female to male ratio of 1.97. The mean age at diagnosis was 58 years for males and 52 for females and 94% of the patients aged over 30 years. For both sexes combined and for all cancer sites, breast cancer was the commonest followed by cervix uteri, colon-rectum, lung, nasopharynx, and stomach cancers. The most common cancer in women was breast cancer, followed respectively by cervix uteri cancer, colon-rectum cancer, ovary cancer, and stomach cancer. In men, the lung cancer ranked first, followed respectively by colon-rectum cancer, nasopharynx cancer, prostate cancer, and stomach cancer. For most cancers, crude incidence rates (CR) have increased significantly. The CR for all cancers combined has increased from 56.6 to 80.3 per 100,000 females and from 32.3 to 42.6 per 100,000 males during the study period. Patients profile analysis showed that 79% of cancer patients were from urban areas, 83% were unemployed and 85% had no health insurance.ConclusionsThe distribution of cancers in Eastern Morocco is different from those observed in other regions of Morocco. Unlike most countries, women were much more affected with cancer than men in Eastern Morocco. More importantly, the rates of many cancers are rising. Therefore, our data justify the need to develop effective programs for cancer control and prevention in Eastern Morocco. A better access to cancer care should be a priority of the health policies, given that the majority of cancer patients in Eastern Morocco are unemployed, and do not have medical care coverage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Cancer incidence in eastern Morocco: cancer patterns and incidence trends, 2005–2012

et al. 2017

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“…Eastern Morocco is located in the north east of the Kingdom of Morocco, and is the third largest region of the Kingdom [17]. The present retrospective study was based on all female breast cancer cases that were registered at the Hassan II Regional Oncology Center (ROC), since it was created in October 2005 until December 2012.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have shown recently that breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy among women in Eastern Morocco [17]. However, nothing is known about the characteristics of this disease among women in Eastern Morocco.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report on molecular breast cancer subtypes and their clinico-pathological characteristics in Eastern Morocco: series of 2260 cases

et al. 2017

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BackgroundBreast cancer is the most frequent malignancy among women in Eastern Morocco. In this paper, we provide the first report on molecular breast cancer subtypes in this region. This is the largest population–based study on breast cancer among Moroccan women.MethodsWe analyzed 2260 breast cancer cases diagnosed at the Hassan II Regional Oncology Center between October 2005 and December 2012. Clinico-pathological and therapeutic features were studied. Molecular subtypes were determined and their associations with the clinico-pathological characteristics of the tumors were examined.ResultsThe mean age at diagnosis was 48.7 years ±11.4. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the predominant histological type (77.1%), followed by lobular invasive carcinoma (15.3%). The mean size of breast tumors was 3.5 cm ± 1.96, and 84% of our patients are diagnosed with tumors of more than 2 cm. Histological grade II tumors were the most frequent (70.4%), followed by advanced histological grade (18%). Lymph node positive tumors were observed in 64.8% of cases and 29.3% of patients had distant metastasis. Most tumors were hormone receptor-positive (73%) and 28.6% were HER2 positive. 86.1% of patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer were given hormone therapy, while 68.9% of patients with HER2+ breast cancer received targeted therapy with Herceptin. Luminal A was the commonest molecular subtype, followed by Luminal B, Triple Negative and HER2. The highest prevalence of premenopausal patients was observed in Triple Negative subtype (72.2%), followed by HER2 (64.1%), Luminal B (62.2%), and Luminal A (55.1%). Luminal B subtype had a poorer prognosis than Luminal A. Compared with Triple Negative, HER2 subtype tend to spread more aggressively and is associated with poorer prognosis.ConclusionsUnlike Western countries, breast cancer occurs at an earlier age and is diagnosed at a more advanced stage in Eastern Morocco. In this region, hormone receptor-positive tumors are predominant and so the majority of breast cancer patients should benefit from hormone therapy. HER2 subtype presents an aggressive tendency, suggesting the importance of anti-HER2 therapy. This study will contribute in developing appropriate screening and cancer management strategies in Eastern Morocco.

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Cancer du poumon au Maroc Oriental: où en sommes-nous?

et al. 2019

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Exploring Geographic Variability in Cancer Prevalence in Eastern Morocco: A Retrospective Study over Eight Years

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Cancer incidence in eastern Morocco: cancer patterns and incidence trends, 2005–2012

Cancer incidence in eastern Morocco: cancer patterns and incidence trends, 2005–2012

First report on molecular breast cancer subtypes and their clinico-pathological characteristics in Eastern Morocco: series of 2260 cases

Cancer du poumon au Maroc Oriental: où en sommes-nous?

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