Exploring NAD+ metabolism and NNAT: Insights from structure, function, and computational modeling

Jeje, Olamide; Otun, Sarah; Aloke, Chinyere; Achilonu, Ikechukwu

doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2024.01.002

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…NAM, NR, and NA are also well known as three different forms of vitamin B 3 used supplementarily to enhance NAD + levels inside cells [ 5 – 7 ]. In the salvage pathway, NAD can be produced by a) nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) through nicotinate mononucleotide (NAMN) from NA; b) nicotinate phosphoribosyl transferase (NAPRT) produces NAD through the complex process of the Preiss-Handler pathway where nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NAMN) is synthesized from NA then conjugated with ATP to get NAD; and, c) nicotinamide riboside kinases (NRKs) produce NAD by converting NR to NMN and nicotinamide mononucleotide adenyl transferase (NMNAT) [ 8 , 9 ]. Figure 1 presents the details of the NAD synthesis process in different pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide salvage enzymes in cardioprotection

Kibria,

Das,

Arefin

2024

kitp

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The increasing trend of cardiac diseases is becoming a major threat globally. Cardiac activities are based on integrated action potential through electronic flux changes within intra- and extracellular molecular activities. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a major electron carrier present in almost all living cells and creates gated potential by electron exchange from one chemical to another in terms of oxidation (NAD + ) and reduction (NADH) reactions. NAD + plays an important role directly or indirectly in protecting against various cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, occlusion, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction (MI), rhythmic disorder, and a higher order of cardiovascular complexity. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) is well known as a rate-limiting enzyme in this pathway except for de-novo NAD synthesis and directly involved in the cardioprotective activity. There are two more enzymes – nicotinate phosphoribosyl transferase (NAPRT) and nicotinamide riboside kinase (NRK) – which also work as rate-limiting factors in the NAD+ synthesis pathway. This study concentrated on the role of NAMPT, NAPRT, and NRK in cardioprotective activity and prospective cardiac health.

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