Exploring nanocomposites for controlling infectious microorganisms: charting the path forward in antimicrobial strategies

Abstract

Nanocomposites, formed by combining a matrix (commonly polymer or ceramic) with nanofillers (nano-sized inclusions like nanoparticles or nanofibers), possess distinct attributes attributed to their composition. Their unique physicochemical properties and interaction capabilities with microbial cells position them as a promising avenue for infectious disease treatment. The escalating prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria intensifies the need for alternative solutions. Traditional approaches involve antimicrobial agents like antibiotics, antivirals, and antifungals, targeting specific microbial aspects. This review presents a comprehensive overview of diverse nanocomposite types and highlights the potential of tailored matrix and antibacterial agent selection within nanocomposites to enhance treatment efficacy and decrease antibiotic resistance risks. Challenges such as toxicity, safety, and scalability in clinical applications are also acknowledged. Ultimately, the convergence of nanotechnology and infectious disease research offers the prospect of enhanced therapeutic strategies, envisioning a future wherein advanced materials revolutionize the landscape of medical treatment.

Phyto-Mediated Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using an Aqueous Leaf Extract of Momordica cymbalaria: Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Antibacterial, and Photocatalytic Properties

“…Their selective cytotoxicity against cancer cells also ignites interest in their anticancer mechanisms, leading to the development of novel, targeted cancer treatments [47,48]. Moreover, the broad-spectrum antimicrobial effectiveness of silver nanoparticles against a variety of pathogens underscores their importance in tackling infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance [49]. This extensive study aims to decipher the complex molecular mechanisms underlying these critical aspects, offering a comprehensive view of silver nanoparticles' therapeutic prospects and aiding progress in nanomedicine [50].…”

Antibacterial Activities of Ag/Cellulose Nanocomposites Derived from Marine Environment Algae against Bacterial Tooth Decay

“…The method reduces the risk of injury to host cells while also lowering the overall dosage needed [27]. There are several distinct techniques by which silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be synthesized.…”

“…A constant and localized antibacterial impact is produced through the regulated release of silver ions from these nanocomposites. The method reduces the risk of injury to host cells while also lowering the overall dosage needed [ 27 ]. There are several distinct techniques by which silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be synthesized.…”