Exploring Nanoherbal Tomato: Assessing its Potential as an α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibitor, Antioxidant and Metabolite Profiling using LC-HRMS

Abstract

Nanoherbal Tomato (NT) presents a compelling avenue for exploring its multifaceted potential in the realms of metabolic regulation and antioxidative effects. In this study, NT was characterized by its particle size (936 ± 112.4 nm) and subjected to LC-HRMS metabolite profiling, unveiling key compounds such as ellagic acid, hexadecanamide, dibenzylamin, myricetin, kaempferol, and various carotenoids. To assess its therapeutic potential, NT was evaluated for its α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition capabilities. NT exhibited promising α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 51.62 µg/mL, surpassing the IC50 of the standard drug acarbose (78.1 µg/mL). Similarly, in the α-amylase inhibition assay, NT demonstrated a competitive IC50 value of 62.31 μg/mL, closely aligned with that of acarbose (58.56 μg/mL). These findings underscore the potential of NT as a natural agent for metabolic control. Furthermore, the study delves into the antioxidative properties of NT. In the DPPH scavenging assay, NT exhibited significant antioxidant potential, with an IC50 value of 48.281 µg/mL. The exploration of antioxidative potential opens avenues for NT's utility in mitigating oxidative stress-related conditions and enhancing overall health. The study also encompasses the determination of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) in NT. Results revealed high values of TPC (300.21 ± 15.20 mg GAE/g) and TFC (20.78 ± 1.82 mg QE/g) in NT, reflecting its rich phenolic and flavonoid composition. In summary, this study comprehensively examines NT's particle size, metabolite profile, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities, antioxidative potential, and phenolic and flavonoid content. These findings shed light on the multifaceted properties of NT, positioning it as a promising candidate for metabolic regulation and antioxidative therapy. Further research and clinical investigations are warranted to fully harness the therapeutic potential of Nanoherbal Tomato.