Exploring pathways for sustained melanogenesis in facial melasma: an immunofluorescence study

Espósito, Ana Cláudia Cavalcante; Brianezi, Gabrielli; Souza, Nathália Pereira de; Miot, Luciane Donida Bartoli; Marques, Mea; Miot, Hélio Amante

doi:10.1111/ics.12468

Cited by 36 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Furthermore, there is greater epidermal retention of melanin in melasma, and its melanogenesis depends on several other dermal changes, which favor the maintenance of pigmentation to the detriment of melanogenic induction by UVR and VL. 4 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, despite the fundamental role of solar radiation in worsening melasma, no differential expressions of p53 between the melasma and the normal adjacent skin were observed, suggesting that the maintenance of melanogenesis may be due to underlying changes in the upper dermis and epidermis, which induce melanocytic hyperfunction. 4 Furthermore, the exclusive use of sunscreen, despite its preventive effect, is not sufficient for the complete remission of the condition, which indicates the need for a continuous pathophysiological study in search of treatments that lead to the reversal of the entire process. 9 , 26 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 3 Its pathophysiology is still not completely understood, but there is an interaction between genetics (autosomal dominant inheritance), hormonal factors, and exposure to solar radiation, leading to greater focal melanogenesis. 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of ex vivo melanogenic response to UVB, UVA, and visible light in facial melasma and unaffected adjacent skin

Alcântara

Espósito

Olivatti

et al. 2020

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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Background The independent role of solar radiation in the differential melanogenesis between melasma and adjacent skin is unknown. Objectives To assess the melanogenic responses of skin with facial melasma and of the adjacent skin to UVB, UVA, and visible light, in an ex vivo model. Methods This was a quasi-experimental study involving 22 patients with melasma. Facial melasma and adjacent skin samples were collected and stored in DMEM medium, at room temperature. One fragment was placed under the protection from light, while another was exposed to UVB, UVA, and visible light (blue-violet component): 166 mJ/cm 2 , 1.524 J/cm 2 , and 40 J/cm 2 , respectively. Subsequently, all samples were kept for 72 hours in a dark environment and stained by Fontana-Masson to assess basal layer pigmentation, dendrites, and melanin granulation. Results Effective melanogenesis was observed in the basal layer in melasma and in the normal adjacent skin after all irradiations ( p < 0.01), with the following median increment: UVB (4.7% vs . 8.5%), UVA (9.5% vs . 9.9%), and visible light (6.8% vs . 11.7%), with no significant difference between anatomical sites. An increase in melanin granulation (coarser melanosomes) was observed only after irradiation with UVA and only in the skin with melasma ( p = 0.05). An increase in the melanocyte dendrite count induced by UVB radiation was observed in both anatomical sites ( p ≤ 0.05). Study limitations Use of an ex vivo model, with independent irradiation regimes for UVB, UVA, and visible light. Conclusions Melanogenesis induced by UVB, UVA, and visible light was observed both in melasma and in the adjacent skin. The morphological patterns suggest that different irradiations promote individualized responses on the skin with melasma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of ex vivo melanogenic response to UVB, UVA, and visible light in facial melasma and unaffected adjacent skin

Alcântara

Espósito

Olivatti

et al. 2020

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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“…The regulation of genes associated with the WNT signalling pathways has been described in age spots as well as melasma. Increased sFRP‐1 and FRZB/sFRP3 together with increased WNT1, WNT5a and Frizzled‐4 expression were found in age spots , whereas increased WNT expression increases in WIF1, sFRP2 and WNT5a were observed in melasma . We observed decreased levels of sFRP‐1 and DKK1 indicating that changes in at least the former of these fibroblast proteins induced by HSA have the potential to reduce melanogenesis and age spot expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Bio‐derived hydroxystearic acid ameliorates skin age spots and conspicuous pores

Schütz

Rawlings²,

Wandeler

et al. 2019

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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IntroductionWe report on the preparation and efficacy of 10‐hydroxystearic acid (HSA) that improves facial age spots and conspicuous pores.MethodsThe hydration of oleic acid into HSA was catalyzed by the oleate hydratase from Escherichia coli. Following treatment with HSA, collagen type I and type III was assessed in primary human dermal fibroblasts together with collagen type III, p53 protein levels and sunburn cells (SBC) after UVB irradiation (1 J cm−2) by immunohistochemistry on human ex vivo skin. UVB‐induced expression of matrix metalloprotease‐1 (MMP‐1) was determined from full thickness skin by RT‐qPCR. Modification of the fibroblast secretome by HSA was studied by mass‐spectrometry‐based proteomics. In a full‐face, double blind, vehicle‐controlled trial HSA was assessed for its effects on conspicuous facial pore size and degree of pigmentation of age spots in Caucasian women over an 8‐week period.ResultsHSA was obtained in enantiomeric pure, high yield (≥80%). Collagen type I and type III levels were dose‐dependently increased (96% and 244%; P < 0.01) in vitro and collagen type III in ex vivo skin by +57% (P < 0.01) by HSA. HSA also inhibited UVB‐induced MMP‐1 gene expression (83%; P < 0.01) and mitigated SBC induction (−34% vs. vehicle control) and reduced significantly UV‐induced p53 up‐regulation (−46% vs. vehicle control; P < 0.01) in irradiated skin. HSA modified the fibroblast secretome with significant increases in proteins associated with the WNT pathway that could reduce melanogenesis and proteins that could modify dermal fibroblast activity and keratinocyte differentiation to account for the alleviation of conspicuous pores. Docking studies in silico and EC50 determination in reporter gene assays (EC50 5.5 × 10−6 M) identified HSA as a peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor‐α (PPARα) agonist. Clinically, HSA showed a statistically significant decrease of surface and volume of skin pores (P < 0.05) after 8 weeks of application and age spots became significantly less pigmented than the surrounding skin (contrast, P < 0.05) after 4 weeks.ConclusionHSA acts as a PPARα agonist to reduce the signs of age spots and conspicuous pores by significantly modulating the expression of p53, SBC, MMP‐1 and collagen together with major changes in secreted proteins that modify keratinocyte, melanocyte and fibroblast cell behavior.

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“…O melasma é uma hipermelanose cutânea crônica, caracterizada por máculas hiperpigmentadas assintomáticas, irregulares e simétricas que se distribuem nas áreas foto expostas, especialmente a face ESPÓSITO, 2018). Embora possa afetar todas as etnias e ambos os sexos, a idade de aparecimento situa-se entre 30-55 anos, tendo numerosos casos em indivíduos de pele escura que vivem em áreas com intensa radiação ultravioleta (UV).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Impacto do Melasma na Autoestima de Mulheres / Impact of Melasma on Women's Self-Estems

Oliveira¹,

Gonçalves²,

Santos³

et al. 2019

IDonline

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Resumo: O presente estudo tem por objetivo determinar os fatores associados ao melasma em mulheres atendidas em uma clínica de estética de uma faculdade do interior da Bahia. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem quali-quantitativa, realizado em uma faculdade Privada com 14 cursos e aproximadamente 3500 alunos. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, foi desenvolvido um questionário autoaplicável contendo as principais causas associadas ao surgimento do melasma em mulheres como por exemplo o uso de anticoncepcional. A presente pesquisa foi composta por 30 voluntárias do sexo feminino com melasma facial, apresentaram a média de idade de 25,80 (± 8,69) anos. 24 das voluntárias do presente estudo 80% das mulheres não tiveram filhos. Dentre as participantes, 80% relataram fazer uso de anticoncepcional. Com isso, visto que as dermatoses podem afetar a autoestima e contribuem para causar sentimentos que pode se manifestar como ansiedade, tristeza ou até depressão.Abstract: The present study aims to determine the factors associated with melasma in women treated at an aesthetic clinic of a college in the interior of Bahia. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative and quantitative approach, conducted in a private college with 14 courses and approximately 3500 students. To achieve the proposed objective, a self-administered questionnaire was developed containing the main causes associated with the onset of melasma in women, such as contraceptive use. The present study consisted of 30 female volunteers with facial melasma, with a mean age of 25.80 (± 8.69) years. 24 of the volunteers in the present study 80% of women had no children. Among the participants, 80% reported using contraception. Thus, since dermatoses can affect self-esteem and contribute to feelings that can manifest as anxiety, sadness or even depression.

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Exploring pathways for sustained melanogenesis in facial melasma: an immunofluorescence study

Cited by 36 publications

References 19 publications

Evaluation of ex vivo melanogenic response to UVB, UVA, and visible light in facial melasma and unaffected adjacent skin

Evaluation of ex vivo melanogenic response to UVB, UVA, and visible light in facial melasma and unaffected adjacent skin

Bio‐derived hydroxystearic acid ameliorates skin age spots and conspicuous pores

Impacto do Melasma na Autoestima de Mulheres / Impact of Melasma on Women's Self-Estems

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