Exploring the Functional Properties of Propolis, Geopropolis, and Cerumen, with a Special Emphasis on Their Antimicrobial Effects

Chuttong, Bajaree; Lim, Kaiyang; Praphawilai, Pichet; Danmek, Khanchai; Maitip, Jakkrawut; Vit, Patricia; Wu, Ming-Cheng; Ghosh, Sampat; Jung, Chuleui; Burgett, Michael; Hongsibsong, Surat

doi:10.3390/foods12213909

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 207 publications

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“…Propolis (a natural resin) is a multifunctional substance used by bees in the production and reinforcement of their hives [27]. Since ancient times, propolis has been used to treat many diseases, and there has been much research on its therapeutic properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of propolis hepatotoxicity in male rats

SamieeRad,

Sofiabadi,

Bahadoran

et al. 2024

FFS

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Background: Propolis is a natural resinous combination that honeybees produce from the materials they gather from plant parts, buds, and exudates. Numerous favorable pharmacological qualities have been demonstrated for propolis. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the hepatotoxic effects of ethanolic propolis extract on the liver of male rats. Methods: In this research, 40 male rats were divided randomly into five groups: 1. Control 2. Sham (solvent), and 3. Three experimental groups (ethanolic propolis extract at doses of 50,100 and 200 mg/kg). All materials were administered by oral gavage once daily for 13 consecutive days. On the 14th day, blood sampling was performed to measure serum levels of liver function enzymes and triglycerides. After deep induction of anesthesia, the liver of the rats was removed for histopathological studies. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p <0.05). Results: The data showed that the administration of propolis significantly increased the serum levels of aminotransferases in a dose-dependent manner and decreased triglycerides, accompanied by pathological changes. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the administration of propolis is associated with liver toxicity, and it seems that it should be consumed more carefully. Keywords: Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase, Propolis, Hepatotoxicity Triglycerides

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of propolis hepatotoxicity in male rats

SamieeRad,

Sofiabadi,

Bahadoran

et al. 2024

FFS

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show abstract

“…(Kiel, Germany) program. With the entered effect size (0.40), alpha error (0.05), power (0.80), and group number (8) values, the total sample size was found to be 64. WT mice were randomly divided into two experimental groups, while ApoE -/mice were randomly divided into six experimental groups.…”

Section: Animals and Experimental Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Propolis is a natural substance rich in polyphenols that honeybees collect from various plants. Its color and aroma vary depending on the plant species, and its chemical composition changes accordingly [ 8 ]. Propolis comprises about 50% resins, balsams, waxes, oils, pollen, and other compounds [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propolis Reduces Inflammation and Dyslipidemia Caused by High-Cholesterol Diet in Mice by Lowering ADAM10/17 Activities

Yigit,

Deger,

Korkmaz

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Atherosclerosis is one of the most important causes of cardiovascular diseases. A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM)10 and ADAM17 have been identified as important regulators of inflammation in recent years. Our study investigated the effect of inhibiting these enzymes with selective inhibitor and propolis on atherosclerosis. In our study, C57BL/6J mice (n = 16) were used in the control and sham groups. In contrast, ApoE-/- mice (n = 48) were used in the case, water extract of propolis (WEP), ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP), GW280264X (GW-synthetic inhibitor), and solvent (DMSO and ethanol) groups. The control group was fed a control diet, and all other groups were fed a high-cholesterol diet for 16 weeks. WEP (400 mg/kg/day), EEP (200 mg/kg/day), and GW (100 µg/kg/day) were administered intraperitoneally for the last four weeks. Animals were sacrificed, and blood, liver, aortic arch, and aortic root tissues were collected. In serum, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), and glucose (Glu) were measured by enzymatic colorimetric method, while interleukin-1β (IL-1β), paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase-A2 (Lp-PLA2) were measured by ELISA. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-12 (IL-12) levels were measured in aortic arch by ELISA and ADAM10/17 activities were measured fluorometrically. In addition, aortic root and liver tissues were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically (ADAM10 and sortilin primary antibody). In the WEP, EEP, and GW groups compared to the case group, TC, TG, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, PLA2, MPO, ADAM10/17 activities, plaque burden, lipid accumulation, ADAM10, and sortilin levels decreased, while IL-10 and PON-1 levels increased (p < 0.003). Our study results show that propolis can effectively reduce atherosclerosis-related inflammation and dyslipidemia through ADAM10/17 inhibition.

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