Exploring the Human Virome: Composition, Dynamics, and Implications for Health and Disease

Bhagchandani, Tannu; Nikita,; Verma, Anjali; Tandon, Ravi

doi:10.1007/s00284-023-03537-0

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…They first cause fungemia, which leads to the adhesion of fungi to the heart valves, thus leading to fungal endocarditis ( Ammannaya and Sripad, 2019 ). The gut virome mainly includes bacteriophages and eukaryotic viruses ( Bhagchandani et al, 2023 ), and most of which are bacteriophages. Bacteriophages can enter the systemic circulation and play an important role in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses, thereby playing a positive or negative role in human health ( Neil and Cadwell, 2018 ; Stockdale and Hill, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota and risk of endocarditis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Yang,

Bi,

Zhang

2024

Front. Microbiol.

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BackgroundThe associations between gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease have been reported in previous studies. However, the relationship between gut microbiota and endocarditis remains unclear.MethodsA bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to detect the association between gut microbiota and endocarditis. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was considered the main result. Simultaneously, heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests were conducted.ResultsOur study suggests that family Victivallaceae (p = 0.020), genus Eubacterium fissicatena group (p = 0.047), genus Escherichia Shigella (p = 0.024), genus Peptococcus (p = 0.028) and genus Sellimonas (p = 0.005) play protective roles in endocarditis. Two microbial taxa, including genus Blautia (p = 0.006) and genus Ruminococcus2 (p = 0.024) increase the risk of endocarditis. At the same time, endocarditis has a negative effect on genus Eubacterium fissicatena group (p = 0.048). Besides, no heterogeneity or pleiotropy was found in this study.ConclusionOur study emphasized the certain role of specific gut microbiota in patients with endocarditis and clarified the negative effect of endocarditis on gut microbiota.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota and risk of endocarditis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Yang,

Bi,

Zhang

2024

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Co-infection of Entamoeba histolytica and enteric pathogens leads to immune activation, epithelial cell damage, and increased virulence, possibly due to enhanced toxicity following bacterial engulfment by Entamoeba histolytica. Such co-infections have been reported in regions endemic for these pathogens, particularly among children with diarrheal diseases co-infected with Entamoeba histolytica and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) or Shigella dysenteriae (Bhagchandani et al, 2023;Jaswal et al, 2023). Concurrently, an array of studies underscores the antagonistic potential of the gut microbiota, a phenomenon capable of countering the colonization of exogenous pathogens, thereby presenting a novel avenue for Shigella infection management (Xerri and Payne, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic evidence strengthens the bidirectional connection between gut microbiota and Shigella infection: insights from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Peng,

Cai,

Chen

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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BackgroundIn recent investigations, substantial strides have been made in the precise modulation of the gut microbiota to prevent and treat a myriad of diseases. Simultaneously, the pressing issue of widespread antibiotic resistance and multidrug resistance resulting from Shigella infections demands urgent attention. Several studies suggest that the antagonistic influence of the gut microbiota could serve as a novel avenue for impeding the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms or treating Shigella infections. However, conventional research methodologies encounter inherent challenges in identifying antagonistic microbial agents against Shigella, necessitating a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the causal relationship between Shigella infections and the gut microbiota.Materials and methodsUtilizing the aggregated summary statistics from Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), we conducted Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses encompassing 18,340 participants to explore the interplay between the gut microbiota and Shigella infections. This investigation also involved 83 cases of Shigella infection patients and 336,396 control subjects. In the positive strand of our findings, we initially performed a preliminary analysis using the Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW) method. Subsequently, we undertook sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the results, addressing confounding factors’ influence. This involved employing the Leave-One-Out method and scrutinizing funnel plots to ensure the reliability of the MR analysis outcomes. Conclusively, a reverse MR analysis was carried out, employing the Wald ratio method due to the exposure of individual Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs). This was undertaken to explore the plausible associations between Shigella infections and genetically predicted compositions of the gut microbiota.ResultsIn this study, we employed 2,818 SNPs associated with 211 species of gut microbiota as instrumental variables (IVs). Through IVW analysis, our positive MR findings revealed a significant negative correlation between the occurrence of Shigella infections and the phylum Tenericutes (OR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.04–0.74, p = 0.02), class Mollicutes (OR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.04–0.74, p = 0.02), genus Intestinimonas (OR: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.04–0.63, p = 0.01), genus Gordonibacter (OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.16–0.93, p = 0.03), and genus Butyrivibrio (OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.23–0.87, p = 0.02). Conversely, a positive correlation was observed between the occurrence of Shigella infections and genus Sutterella (OR: 10.16, 95% CI: 1.87–55.13, p = 0.01) and genus Alistipes (OR: 12.24, 95% CI: 1.71–87.34, p = 0.01). In sensitivity analyses, utilizing MR-Egger regression analysis and MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) detection, all outcomes demonstrated robust stability. Simultaneously, in the reverse MR analysis, Shigella infections resulted in an upregulation of four bacterial genera and a downregulation of three bacterial genera.ConclusionIn summation, the MR analysis outcomes corroborate the presence of bidirectional causal relationships between the gut microbiota and Shigella infections. This study not only unveils novel perspectives for the prevention and treatment of Shigella infections but also furnishes fresh insights into the mechanistic underpinnings of how the gut microbiota contributes to the pathogenesis of Shigella infections. Consequently, the established dual causal association holds promise for advancing our understanding and addressing the complexities inherent in the interplay between the gut microbiota and Shigella infections, thereby paving the way for innovative therapeutic interventions and preventive strategies in the realm of Shigella-related diseases.

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The microbiome’s influence on obesity: mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Tadese,

Mwangi,

Luo

et al. 2024

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Exploring the Human Virome: Composition, Dynamics, and Implications for Health and Disease

Cited by 5 publications

References 129 publications

Gut microbiota and risk of endocarditis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Gut microbiota and risk of endocarditis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Genetic evidence strengthens the bidirectional connection between gut microbiota and Shigella infection: insights from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

The microbiome’s influence on obesity: mechanisms and therapeutic potential

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