Exploring the Limits of Stability

Abstract

Abstract. The discovery of the currently known most neutron-and proton-rich nuclei is compiled. The compilation includes the year and method of discovery of the last known bound and the first unbound nuclei along the neutron and proton driplines.

Mass prediction of proton-rich nuclides with the Coulomb displacement energies in the relativistic point-coupling model

“…The observed last bound nuclides and first unbound nuclei deduced from various reaction studies are summarized in refs. [17,18]. In case that information on both the bound and unbound nuclei is confined, perfect agreements with our calculations are found for ten odd-Z elements, namely, Sc, V, Mn, Co, Cu, Ga, As, Rb, Nb, Tc.…”

“…One disagreement is shown for the Ti element. 38 Ti was not observed in a projectile fragmentation reaction [19], and generally this was taken as an indication that 38 Ti may be the first unbound nuclei [17,18]. In our calculation 38 Ti is predicted to be weakly bound with S p of 0.74 MeV, and this agrees with the extrapolated value of 1.0(4) MeV [2].…”

“…Indeed, nuclei at and beyond the proton drip line have been observed for almost all the elements (for a recent review, please refer to [17,18]). However, the exact location for 20 Z 55 is only known for scandium, for which it is located between 39 Sc and 40 Sc.…”

Self-consistent description of deformed nuclei at the proton drip line

“…The production and detection of nuclei towards the limits of stability saw a considerable development in the last decade, due to a better capability to achieve fusion evaporation and multi fragmentation reactions [1] involving very small production cross sections, and producing exotic nuclei with extremely short half lives, below a microsecond. The position of the extremes of bound matter has been confirmed on the neutron side up to Magnesium, and on proton side for charges up to Z=83, with only few exceptions of nuclei yet to be found.…”

2013 update of the discoveries of nuclides

“…Later, the range was expanded to include the lighter nuclides (4 ≤ Z and 4 ≤ N ). 2,3 The more systematic approach to describe and discuss the discovery of all nuclides began in 2007 and the first paper on the discovery of all cerium isotopes was submitted to At. Data Nucl.…”