Exploring the longitudinal stability of the CSQ24 in a back pain population.

Harland, Nicholas; Martin, Denis

doi:10.1037/a0034337

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, LSE had a better therapeutic outlook than GAE because patient catastrophizing was significantly reduced only after 10 weeks of LSE. Harland and Martins reported that variability in catastrophizing scores over time is one of the factors suggesting effective treatment [47]. Also, this deduction of a more beneficial effect of LSE than GAE is buttressed by the result of this present study that the patient's ability to catastrophize was significantly lower in LSE compared to GAE.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Effects of Lumbar Stabilization and Graded Activity Exercises on Selected Biochemical Mediators and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Non-specific Chronic Low Back Pain

Nicholas Oghumu,

Okafor,

Salu

et al. 2023

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal

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Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of lumbar stabilization exercise (LSE) and graded activity exercise (GAE) on concentrations of interleukin (IL) 1A (IL1A), IL18 receptor 1 (IL18R1), IL18 receptor accessory protein (IL18RAP), IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), and clinical outcomes of pain intensity, disability, catastrophizing, diverting-attention, cognitivecoping and pain-reinterpretation in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP).Methods: This study was a single-blind parallel trial with an adaptive trial design. Fiftyfour patients with NSCLBP were randomly assigned to LSE and GAE treatment groups. Demographic and anthropometric characteristics were measured. Treatments were administered twice a week for 10 weeks. The concentrations of IL1A, IL18R1, IL18RAP, IL-6, and COX2 of patients were assessed at four time points with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pain, disability, catastrophizing, diverting attention, cognitive coping, and pain reinterpretation were assessed at three time points with valid instruments. The responsiveness of the biochemical mediators to LSE and GAE was determined with a Bayesian one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics at P<0.05. Results:The concentrations of IL1A, IL18R1, IL18RAP, and COX2 were unresponsive (Bayes factor [BF]<1) to LSE and GAE, while IL-6 concentrations were responsive (Bayes factor [BF]>1). The concentrations of IL-6 increased significantly (P<0.05) after LSE with a significant reduction (P<0.05) in pain, disability, and catastrophizing, while the concentration of IL-6 increased significantly (P<0.05) after GAE with a significant reduction (P<0.05) in pain, and disability. Effects of LSE and GAE on IL-6 concentrations, pain, and disability were comparable (P>0.05). Catastrophizing of patients with LSE was significantly less (P<0.05) compared to GAE.Discussion: LSE increases IL-6 concentrations in NSCLBP patients while reducing pain, disability, and catastrophizing, while GAE increases IL-6 concentrations and reduces pain and disability. IL-6 concentrations, pain, and disability of patients were similar after LSE and GAE. Patients catastrophize less with LSE compared to GAE, hence LSE shows more beneficial effects for patients with NSCLBP than GAE.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Effects of Lumbar Stabilization and Graded Activity Exercises on Selected Biochemical Mediators and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Non-specific Chronic Low Back Pain

Nicholas Oghumu,

Okafor,

Salu

et al. 2023

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal

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“…When the nature of Cognitive Coping and Catastrophising is examined from a change perspective, Cognitive Coping has been shown to be resistant to change over a period of effective treatment, whereas Catastrophising has been shown to be variable in nature over time [ 23 ]. Taking these factors into account with Cognitive Coping apparently difficult to change with treatment and stable over time, therefore defining the patient more reliably than Catastrophising from a screening perspective, it is suggested that only Cognitive Coping is used to categorise patients into a high risk group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CSQ24 consists of 23 items about coping, with a 7-point Likert scale anchored with “Never Do That” and “Always Do That,” and one item measuring perceived control over pain with a 7-point Likert scale is anchored with “No Control” and “Complete Control.” The CSQ24 has four subscales: Catastrophising, Diverting Attention, Reinterpreting, and Cognitive Coping; each subscale is scored from 0 to 36. The CSQ24 has demonstrated a good level of validity as a measure of coping in individuals with CLBP [ 19 , 23 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As clinical use of categorisation methods and subsequently stratified care also require repeated testing, the tool used also needs to prove longitudinal validity and this has recently been established for the CSQ24 [23]. It is also often noted that fear, as measured by Catastrophising within the CSQ and CSQ24, explains a greater proportion of variance in disability in back pain than do many other constructs [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CSQ24 [ 19 ] was chosen as the tool to be evaluated as it is recommended for use [ 20 ] over the original CSQ [ 21 ] which remains one of the longest standing and frequently researched coping tools internationally [ 22 ]. As clinical use of categorisation methods and subsequently stratified care also require repeated testing, the tool used also needs to prove longitudinal validity and this has recently been established for the CSQ24 [ 23 ]. It is also often noted that fear, as measured by Catastrophising within the CSQ and CSQ24, explains a greater proportion of variance in disability in back pain than do many other constructs [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Value of Pain Coping Constructs in Subcategorising Back Pain Patients according to Risk of Poor Outcome

Harland

Ryan

2013

BioMed Research International

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Background. Subcategorising patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) could improve patient outcomes and facilitate prioritisation of treatment resources. Objective. This study aimed to develop a subcategorising method for individuals with CLBP using the Coping Strategies Questionnaire 24 (CSQ24) and to investigate the methods potential validity. Methods. 196 patients were recruited from a physiotherapy outpatients department. All participants completed a battery of questionnaires before and after treatment including the CSQ24 and a measure of pain, disability, and mood. At discharge participants also completed a global subjective outcomes scale consisting of a 6-point Likert scale. All participants received usual physiotherapy. Results. Cut-off values for the CSQ24 were calculated using triangulation of the findings from three different statistical methods. Cut-off values were identified for the Catastrophising and Cognitive Coping subscales of the CSQ24. Participants were categorised into low, medium, and high risk of a poor outcome. The cut-off values for these were ≥21 on Cognitive Coping and ≤9 on Catastrophising for low risk and ≤15 on Cognitive Coping for high risk, with all other patients being classified as being at moderate risk. Conclusion. Further validation is required before this approach can be recommended for clinical practice.

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The Impact of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Chronic Pain in People with COPD

Lee

Butler

Varadi

et al. 2020

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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Exploring the longitudinal stability of the CSQ24 in a back pain population.

Abstract: These results provide support for the 4-factor structure of the CSQ24 and its longitudinal stability. Argument is provided for the need to explore the longitudinal stability of related tools in populations that undergo change as a result of treatment.

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of Lumbar Stabilization and Graded Activity Exercises on Selected Biochemical Mediators and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Non-specific Chronic Low Back Pain

Effects of Lumbar Stabilization and Graded Activity Exercises on Selected Biochemical Mediators and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Non-specific Chronic Low Back Pain

The Value of Pain Coping Constructs in Subcategorising Back Pain Patients according to Risk of Poor Outcome

The Impact of Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Chronic Pain in People with COPD

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